{"id":10777,"date":"2024-10-27T20:43:51","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T19:43:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/?p=10777"},"modified":"2024-10-27T20:43:51","modified_gmt":"2024-10-27T19:43:51","slug":"tlacene-podne-senzory-by-mohli-pomoct-polnohospodarom-zvysit-vynosy-plodin-a-znizit-naklady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/sk\/blog\/printed-soil-sensors-could-help-farmers-boost-crop-yields-and-cut-costs\/","title":{"rendered":"Vytla\u010den\u00e9 p\u00f4dne senzory by mohli pom\u00f4c\u0165 farm\u00e1rom zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdnosy plod\u00edn a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 n\u00e1klady"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In\u017einieri z University of Wisconsin-Madison vytvorili cenovo dostupn\u00e9 senzory na monitorovanie hladiny dusi\u010dnanov v p\u00f4de v re\u00e1lnom \u010dase pre typy p\u00f4dy be\u017en\u00e9 vo Wisconsine. Tieto tla\u010den\u00e9 elektrochemick\u00e9 senzory m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 farm\u00e1rom robi\u0165 inteligentnej\u0161ie rozhodnutia o hnojen\u00ed, \u010do im potenci\u00e1lne u\u0161etr\u00ed peniaze.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNa\u0161e senzory m\u00f4\u017eu poskytn\u00fa\u0165 farm\u00e1rom jasnej\u0161\u00ed obraz o \u00farovni \u017eiv\u00edn v ich p\u00f4de a o tom, ko\u013eko dusi\u010dnanov je k dispoz\u00edcii pre plodiny. Tieto inform\u00e1cie im umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa robi\u0165 presn\u00e9 rozhodnutia o tom, ko\u013eko hnojiva je potrebn\u00e9,\u201d hovor\u00ed Joseph Andrews, docent stroj\u00e1rstva na UW-Madison a ved\u00faci v\u00fdskumn\u00edk. \u201cZn\u00ed\u017eenie pou\u017e\u00edvania hnoj\u00edv by mohlo znamena\u0165 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u00faspory n\u00e1kladov, najm\u00e4 pre ve\u013ek\u00e9 farmy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Dusi\u010dnany s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre rast plod\u00edn, ale ich prive\u013ea m\u00f4\u017ee prenikn\u00fa\u0165 do podzemn\u00fdch v\u00f4d, zne\u010disti\u0165 pitn\u00fa vodu a po\u0161kodi\u0165 \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie. Tieto nov\u00e9 senzory m\u00f4\u017eu sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 aj ako n\u00e1stroje v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskom v\u00fdskume, sledova\u0165 odtok dusi\u010dnanov a usmer\u0148ova\u0165 lep\u0161ie postupy na zn\u00ed\u017eenie zne\u010distenia.<\/p>\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy monitorovania dusi\u010dnanov v p\u00f4de s\u00fa \u010dasovo n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 a nepon\u00fakaj\u00fa okam\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Aby sa tento probl\u00e9m vyrie\u0161il, Andrews, odborn\u00edk na tla\u010den\u00fa elektroniku, a jeho t\u00edm navrhli tieto senzory ako jednoduch\u0161iu a ekonomickej\u0161iu alternat\u00edvu.<\/p>\n<p>V tomto projekte v\u00fdskumn\u00edci pou\u017eili met\u00f3du atramentovej tla\u010de na v\u00fdrobu potenciometrick\u00fdch senzorov, \u010do je druh tenkovrstvov\u00e9ho senzora, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva elektrochemick\u00e9 reakcie. Tieto senzory sa zvy\u010dajne pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na presn\u00e9 meranie hladiny dusi\u010dnanov v kvapaln\u00fdch roztokoch. V p\u00f4de v\u0161ak zvy\u010dajne nefunguj\u00fa dobre, preto\u017ee hrub\u00e9 \u010dastice p\u00f4dy m\u00f4\u017eu senzory po\u0161kriaba\u0165 a ovplyvni\u0165 presnos\u0165 \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10782\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/sk\/blog\/printed-soil-sensors-could-help-farmers-boost-crop-yields-and-cut-costs\/printed-soil-sensors-shape-and-instalation\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-shape-and-instalation.jpg?fit=1365%2C767&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1365,767\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Printed Soil Sensors shape and instalation\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-shape-and-instalation.jpg?fit=1024%2C575&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-10782 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-shape-and-instalation.jpg?resize=810%2C455&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Tvar a in\u0161tal\u00e1cia tla\u010den\u00fdch p\u00f4dnych senzorov.jpg\" width=\"810\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-shape-and-instalation.jpg?w=1365&amp;ssl=1 1365w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-shape-and-instalation.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-shape-and-instalation.jpg?resize=1024%2C575&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-shape-and-instalation.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Andrews vysvet\u013euje: \u201cNa\u0161\u00edm hlavn\u00fdm cie\u013eom bolo, aby tieto elektrochemick\u00e9 senzory fungovali efekt\u00edvne v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch p\u00f4dnych podmienkach a presne detekovali dusi\u010dnanov\u00e9 i\u00f3ny.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Aby sa tento probl\u00e9m vyrie\u0161il, t\u00edm pridal na senzor ochrann\u00fa vrstvu z materi\u00e1lu naz\u00fdvan\u00e9ho polyvinylid\u00e9nfluorid. Pod\u013ea Andrewsa m\u00e1 tento materi\u00e1l dve d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 vlastnosti. Po prv\u00e9, m\u00e1 extr\u00e9mne mal\u00e9 p\u00f3ry, okolo 400 nanometrov, ktor\u00e9 prep\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa dusi\u010dnanov\u00e9 i\u00f3ny, ale zabra\u0148uj\u00fa prenikaniu p\u00f4dnych \u010dast\u00edc. Po druh\u00e9, je hydrofiln\u00fd, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pri\u0165ahuje vodu ako \u0161pongia.<\/p>\n<p>Andrews hovor\u00ed: \u201cTo znamen\u00e1, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 senzor absorbuje v\u0161etku vodu obsahuj\u00facu dusi\u010dnany, \u010do je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9, preto\u017ee aj p\u00f4da absorbuje vodu. Bez toho by bolo pre senzor \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 z\u00edska\u0165 dostatok vlhkosti, ale ke\u010f\u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 materi\u00e1l zodpoved\u00e1 absorpcii vody p\u00f4dy, pom\u00e1ha pri\u0165ahova\u0165 vodu bohat\u00fa na dusi\u010dnany na povrch senzora pre presn\u00e9 merania.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdskumn\u00edci sa podelili o svoj pokrok v \u010dl\u00e1nku publikovanom v marci 2024 v \u010dasopise Advanced Material Technologies.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"10783\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/sk\/blog\/printed-soil-sensors-could-help-farmers-boost-crop-yields-and-cut-costs\/printed-soil-sensors-working-and-testing\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-working-and-testing.jpg?fit=1365%2C767&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1365,767\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Printed Soil Sensors working and testing\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-working-and-testing.jpg?fit=1024%2C575&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10783\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-working-and-testing.jpg?resize=810%2C455&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Tla\u010den\u00e9 p\u00f4dne senzory funguj\u00fa a testuj\u00fa sa\" width=\"810\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-working-and-testing.jpg?w=1365&amp;ssl=1 1365w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-working-and-testing.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-working-and-testing.jpg?resize=1024%2C575&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Printed-Soil-Sensors-working-and-testing.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm testoval svoje senzory v dvoch typoch p\u00f4dy nach\u00e1dzaj\u00facich sa vo Wisconsine: pieso\u010dnatej p\u00f4de, ktor\u00e1 je be\u017en\u00e1 v severocentr\u00e1lnej oblasti, a hlinitej p\u00f4de, ktor\u00e1 sa nach\u00e1dza v juhoz\u00e1padnom Wisconsine. Zistili, \u017ee senzory poskytovali presn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky v oboch typoch.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdskumn\u00edci teraz prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa svoje senzory dusi\u010dnanov do syst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00fd naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa \u201csenzorick\u00e1 n\u00e1lepka\u201d. Tento syst\u00e9m kombinuje tri r\u00f4zne senzory \u2013 pre dusi\u010dnany, vlhkos\u0165 a teplotu \u2013 na flexibilnej plastovej f\u00f3lii s lepidlom na zadnej strane.<\/p>\n<p>Pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa umiestni\u0165 nieko\u013eko t\u00fdchto sn\u00edmac\u00edch n\u00e1lepiek na ty\u010d v r\u00f4znych v\u00fd\u0161kach a potom ty\u010d zakopa\u0165 do p\u00f4dy. Toto nastavenie im umo\u017en\u00ed mera\u0165 podmienky v r\u00f4znych h\u013abkach p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n<p>Andrews vysvet\u013euje: \u201cMeran\u00edm dusi\u010dnanov, vlhkosti a teploty v r\u00f4znych h\u013abkach p\u00f4dy teraz m\u00f4\u017eeme sledova\u0165 proces vyl\u00fahovania dusi\u010dnanov a pozorova\u0165, ako sa dusi\u010dnany pohybuj\u00fa p\u00f4dou, \u010do sme predt\u00fdm nemohli robi\u0165.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>V lete 2024 bud\u00fa v\u00fdskumn\u00edci pokra\u010dova\u0165 v testovan\u00ed svojich senzorov umiestnen\u00edm 30 senzorov\u00fdch ty\u010d\u00ed do p\u00f4dy na v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch staniciach Hancock a Arlington na Wisconsinskej univerzite v Madisone.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm pracuje na patentovan\u00ed tejto technol\u00f3gie prostredn\u00edctvom Nad\u00e1cie pre v\u00fdskum absolventov Wisconsinu.<\/p>\n<p>Medzi spoluautormi z UW\u2013Madison s\u00fa Kuan-Yu Chen, Aatresha Biswas, Shuohao Cai a profesor Jingyi Huang z katedry p\u00f4dovedy.<\/p>\n<p>Tento v\u00fdskum bol financovan\u00fd z prostriedkov Nad\u00e1cie pre v\u00fdskum po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva a potrav\u00edn Ministerstva po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva USA (USDA) (projekt \u010d. WIS04075), grantu 2226568 N\u00e1rodnej vedeckej nad\u00e1cie s n\u00e1zvom Sign\u00e1ly v p\u00f4de a Centra pre inov\u00e1cie v mliekarenskom priemysle Univerzity Wisconsin\u2013Madison.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In\u017einieri z University of Wisconsin-Madison vytvorili cenovo dostupn\u00e9 senzory na monitorovanie hladiny dusi\u010dnanov v p\u00f4de v re\u00e1lnom \u010dase pre typy p\u00f4dy be\u017en\u00e9 vo Wisconsine. Tieto vytla\u010den\u00e9\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210157960,"featured_media":10778,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","content-type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1372,1365,1379],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-news","category-soil-data"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Printed Soil Sensors Could Help Farmers Boost Crop Yields and Cut Costs - GeoPard Agriculture<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/sk\/blog\/tlacene-podne-senzory-by-mohli-pomoct-polnohospodarom-zvysit-vynosy-plodin-a-znizit-naklady\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Printed Soil Sensors Could Help Farmers Boost Crop Yields and Cut Costs - GeoPard Agriculture\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Engineers at the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison have created affordable sensors to monitor soil nitrate levels in real-time for soil types common in Wisconsin. 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