{"id":4864,"date":"2022-06-06T07:34:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-06T05:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/?p=4864"},"modified":"2023-06-13T21:26:49","modified_gmt":"2023-06-13T19:26:49","slug":"kads-ir-labakais-meslojuma-veids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lv\/blog\/what-is-the-best-type-of-fertilizer\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101da ir lab\u0101k\u0101 m\u0113slojuma veids?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vislab\u0101kajam m\u0113slo\u0161anas veidam vienm\u0113r ir nepiecie\u0161ams izmantot vislab\u0101kos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus. Vislab\u0101kais m\u0113slojuma veids j\u016bsu augiem ir atkar\u012bgs no t\u0101, ko j\u016bs m\u0113\u0123in\u0101t audz\u0113t, un k\u0101da veida augsne jums ir. Ja sav\u0101 d\u0101rz\u0101 audz\u0113jat d\u0101rze\u0146us, jums j\u0101izv\u0113las m\u0113slojums ar augstu sl\u0101pek\u013ca, fosfora un k\u0101lija saturu.<\/p>\n

Sl\u0101peklis<\/a> pal\u012bdz veidot za\u013cas lapas un stubl\u0101jus, fosfors pal\u012bdz sak\u0146u att\u012bst\u012bbai, un k\u0101lijs pal\u012bdz augam iztur\u0113t karstuma vai aukstuma rad\u012bto stresu.<\/p>\n

Labs univers\u0101ls m\u0113slojums b\u016btu 10-10-10 NPK (sl\u0101peklis, fosfors un k\u0101lijs). \u0160\u0101da veida m\u0113slojums labi der\u0113s liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai augu un augsnes tipu.<\/p>\n

Ja j\u016bsu augsne ir smil\u0161aina vai m\u0101laina, iesp\u0113jams, v\u0113l\u0113sities izmantot m\u0113slojumu ar vair\u0101k fosfora, k\u0101 ar\u012b augst\u0101ku NPK v\u0113rt\u012bbu, piem\u0113ram, 15-15-15, jo smil\u0161ain\u0101s augsn\u0113s slikti saglab\u0101jas bar\u012bbas vielas un t\u0101m bie\u017ei vien ir nepiecie\u0161ams vair\u0101k sl\u0101pek\u013ca nek\u0101 m\u0101lain\u0101s augsn\u0113s.<\/p>\n

Ja audz\u0113jat pu\u0137es vai aug\u013cu kokus, vislab\u0101k ir izmantot l\u0113n\u0101kas iedarb\u012bbas m\u0113slojumu, piem\u0113ram, Osmocote l\u0113nas iedarb\u012bbas granul\u0113to m\u0113slojumu, kas lieliski darbojas kop\u0101 ar organisk\u0101m mul\u010d\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, salmiem vai prie\u017eu skuj\u0101m, kas nodro\u0161ina papildu bar\u012bbas vielas, vienlaikus saglab\u0101jot mitrumu ap auga pamatni.<\/p>\n

Ir pieejami daudzi da\u017e\u0101di m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu veidi, un katram no tiem ir savas stipr\u0101s un v\u0101j\u0101s puses. Piem\u0113ram, \u0161\u0137idrie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci iedarbojas \u0101tri, bet bie\u017ei vien ir d\u0101rgi un tos var b\u016bt gr\u016bti vienm\u0113r\u012bgi uzkl\u0101t. Granul\u0113tos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus ir viegl\u0101k vienm\u0113r\u012bgi uzkl\u0101t, ta\u010du var paiet ilg\u0101ks laiks, l\u012bdz bar\u012bbas vielas k\u013c\u016bst pieejamas augiem.<\/p>\n

Organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci, piem\u0113ram, kompost\u0113ti k\u016btsm\u0113sli un lucernas milti, var b\u016bt noder\u012bgi, ta\u010du tiem nepiecie\u0161ams laiks, lai sadal\u012btos, lai tie labi iedarbotos. Da\u017ei organiskie \u0161\u0137idrie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci ir labv\u0113l\u012bgi augiem, kuriem nepiecie\u0161ams \u0101trs bar\u012bbas vielu piepl\u016bdums, ta\u010du ar\u012b tie neturpin\u0101s ilgi.<\/p>\n

Izlemjot, k\u0101da veida m\u0113slojums var\u0113tu b\u016bt vispiem\u0113rot\u0101kais j\u016bsu d\u0101rzam, ir svar\u012bgi \u0146emt v\u0113r\u0101, k\u0101di augi jums ir un k\u0101das ir to vajadz\u012bbas \u0161aj\u0101 dz\u012bves posm\u0101. Ir daudz meto\u017eu, k\u0101 pieg\u0101d\u0101t augiem bar\u012bbas vielas. Daudzi d\u0101rznieki savos d\u0101rzos izmanto da\u017e\u0101dus m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus un strat\u0113\u0123ijas.<\/p>\n

Lai nov\u0113rstu nelielus tr\u016bkumus vai nekav\u0113joties stimul\u0113tu att\u012bst\u012bbu, m\u0113\u0123iniet izmantot granul\u0113tas vielas vai k\u016btsm\u0113slus, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu galven\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas un \u016bdeni. Izv\u0113loties m\u0113slojumu, ir \u013coti svar\u012bgi saprast, k\u0101das bar\u012bbas vielas ir nepiecie\u0161amas j\u016bsu augiem. Augiem ir nepiecie\u0161amas bar\u012bbas vielas, lai tie var\u0113tu att\u012bst\u012bties, un t\u0101s tie ieg\u016bst caur savu sak\u0146u sist\u0113mu no augsnes.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci baro augus ar galvenaj\u0101m bar\u012bbas viel\u0101m (sl\u0101pekli, fosforu un k\u0101liju, k\u0101 ar\u012b svar\u012bgiem maz\u0101k svar\u012bgiem elementiem). Augsnes produktivit\u0101te samazin\u0101s ar katru ra\u017eu, ja vien bar\u012bbas vielas netiek papildin\u0101tas.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slojuma veidi<\/h2>\n

Kopum\u0101 ir divi izplat\u012bti m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu veidi. Tie ietver organiskos un neorganiskos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus.<\/p>\n

1. Organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tie ir izgatavoti no dab\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem, piem\u0113ram, k\u016btsm\u0113sliem, komposta un k\u016bdras s\u016bn\u0101m. Organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci parasti ir videi draudz\u012bg\u0101ki, ta\u010du tie iedarbojas l\u0113n\u0101k nek\u0101 \u0137\u012bmiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci, un tie var maks\u0101t vair\u0101k. Da\u017eiem organiskajiem m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem piem\u012bt \u012bpa\u0161as \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, kas laika gait\u0101 pal\u012bdz uzlabot augsni un t\u0101s strukt\u016bru.<\/p>\n

Organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci ir ieg\u016bti no augu vai dz\u012bvnieku izcelsmes materi\u0101liem. Tie nodro\u0161ina augu bar\u012bbas vielas, tos sadaloties. Visizplat\u012bt\u0101kais organiskais m\u0113slojums ir dz\u012bvnieku izcelsmes komposta materi\u0101ls (piem\u0113ram, k\u016btsm\u0113sli vai kompost\u0113ti vistu pakai\u0161i). \u0160\u0101da veida m\u0113slojums pal\u012bdz saglab\u0101t mitrumu augsn\u0113 un pievieno tai nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas.<\/p>\n

T\u0101 nodro\u0161ina ar\u012b dz\u012bvotni labv\u0113l\u012bgiem kukai\u0146iem, piem\u0113ram, sliek\u0101m, kas aer\u0113 augsni un uzlabo t\u0101s dren\u0101\u017eas sp\u0113ju, nog\u0101d\u0101jot dzi\u013ci iesak\u0146otus augus no augsnes virsk\u0101rtas uz augsnes apak\u0161k\u0101rtu, kur tiem var piek\u013c\u016bt liel\u0101k\u0101s da\u013cas augu saknes.<\/p>\n

Organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci parasti tiek uzskat\u012bti par videi draudz\u012bg\u0101kiem nek\u0101 sint\u0113tiskie, jo tie nepies\u0101r\u0146o augsni vai grunts\u016bde\u0146us, k\u0101 to var\u0113tu dar\u012bt \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s vielas. Tom\u0113r visi m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci var b\u016bt kait\u012bgi j\u016bsu augiem, ja tos lieto nepareizi \u2014 jums j\u0101zina, cik daudz m\u0113slojuma lietot, k\u0101 ar\u012b kad un k\u0101 to lietot.<\/p>\n

\"divi<\/p>\n

2. Neorganiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tie ir izgatavoti no t\u0101d\u0101m \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101m viel\u0101m k\u0101 sl\u0101peklis (N), fosfors (P) un k\u0101lijs (K). \u0160\u012bs \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101s vielas var atrast daudz\u0101s da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s kombin\u0101cij\u0101s, lai atbilstu konkr\u0113tu augu bar\u012bbas vielu vajadz\u012bb\u0101m. Neorganiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci var b\u016bt \u013coti efekt\u012bvi, ta\u010du da\u017ei cilv\u0113ki uztraucas par to lieto\u0161anu, jo tie var nopl\u016bst viet\u0113jos \u016bdens kr\u0101jumos vai boj\u0101t augsnes organismus, piem\u0113ram, sliekas.<\/p>\n

Neorganiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci bie\u017ei tiek izmantoti, st\u0101dot jaunus augus vai s\u0113klas augsn\u0113, jo tie pal\u012bdz augiem \u0101tr\u0101k iesak\u0146oties. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka augi var sara\u017eot vair\u0101k aug\u013cu un d\u0101rze\u0146u no viena auga nek\u0101 tad, ja tie augtu augsn\u0113 bez papildu bar\u012bbas viel\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Piem\u0113ram, ja s\u0101kat d\u0101rzkop\u012bbu no nulles, iesp\u0113jams, v\u0113l\u0113sities izmantot \u0137\u012bmiskos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, l\u012bdz augi ir pietiekami lieli, lai \u0113stu organiskos p\u0101rtikas atkritumus. Neorganiskos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus var izmantot ar\u012b k\u0101 papildin\u0101jumu organiskaj\u0101m d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas metod\u0113m. Neorganiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci nesatur organiskas vielas un tos var lietot visiem augiem.<\/p>\n

Tos ir viegli uzkl\u0101t, un tie var b\u016bt \u016bden\u012b \u0161\u0137\u012bsto\u0161i vai granul\u0113ti. Tie, sal\u012bdzinot ar organiskajiem m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem, maz\u0101k apdedzina augu saknes, t\u0101p\u0113c tie ir piem\u0113roti t\u0101diem jut\u012bgiem augiem k\u0101 st\u0101di un telpaugi. Tie ir l\u0113t\u0101ki nek\u0101 organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci.<\/p>\n

Neorganisko m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu veidi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. Sl\u0101pek\u013ca m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eirop\u0101 nitr\u0101tu m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci ir vispla\u0161\u0101k izmantotie tie\u0161ie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci. Galvenie produkti ir nitr\u0101tu m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci, piem\u0113ram, amonija nitr\u0101ts (AN) un kalcija amonija nitr\u0101ts (KAN), kas ir labi piel\u0101goti liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai Eiropas aug\u0161\u0146u un klimatiskajiem apst\u0101k\u013ciem, un ur\u012bnviela un ur\u012bnvielas amonija nitr\u0101ta (UAN) \u016bdens \u0161\u0137\u012bdumi, ko pla\u0161i izmanto cit\u0101s pasaules da\u013c\u0101s.<\/p>\n

Amonija sulf\u0101ts un amonija sulf\u0101ta nitr\u0101ts, kalcija nitr\u0101ts, n\u0101trija nitr\u0101ts, \u010c\u012bles nitr\u0101ts un bez\u016bdens amonjaks ir da\u017ei citi tie\u0161\u0101 sl\u0101pek\u013ca m\u0113slojuma veidi. Sl\u0101peklis ir b\u016btiska augu bar\u012bbas viela, ta\u010du p\u0101r\u0101k liels t\u0101 daudzums var izrais\u012bt "sl\u0101pek\u013ca apdegumus", kas izraisa lapu kr\u0101sas mai\u0146u un pat boj\u0101eju.<\/p>\n

Lai no t\u0101 izvair\u012btos, izmantojiet m\u0113slojumu ar augstu sl\u0101pek\u013ca (N) saturu tikai akt\u012bvi augo\u0161iem augiem (p\u0101rbaudiet eti\u0137etes) un pus\u0113 no ieteicam\u0101s devas.<\/p>\n

2. Sl\u0101pek\u013ca m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci ar inhibitoriem<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sl\u0101pek\u013ca imobiliz\u0101cija, denitrifik\u0101cija, iztvaiko\u0161ana un izskalo\u0161an\u0101s var notikt noteiktu klimatisko apst\u0101k\u013cu un augsnes \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbu rezult\u0101t\u0101, samazinot m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu efektivit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n

T\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu nozare ir rad\u012bjusi specializ\u0113tus m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, lai mazin\u0101tu \u0161\u012bs sekas. Starp tiem ir lapotnes, aizkav\u0113tas un kontrol\u0113tas iedarb\u012bbas m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci, k\u0101 ar\u012b m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu piedevas, piem\u0113ram, ure\u0101ze un nitrifik\u0101cijas inhibitori.<\/p>\n

3. Fosfora m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Visizplat\u012bt\u0101kie fosf\u0101tu m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci ir vienk\u0101r\u0161s superfosf\u0101ts (SSP), tr\u012bsk\u0101r\u0161ais superfosf\u0101ts (TSP), monoamonija fosf\u0101ts (MAP), diamonija fosf\u0101ts (DSP) un \u0161\u0137idrais amonija polifosf\u0101ts.<\/p>\n

Lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu efekt\u012bvu lieto\u0161anu, da\u017e\u0101diem m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu sast\u0101viem ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgi izdal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s profili un nepiecie\u0161ami da\u017e\u0101di izklied\u0113t\u0101ja iestat\u012bjumi. Fosfors ir svar\u012bgs ar\u012b vesel\u012bgai aug\u0161anai, ta\u010du tas tik viegli neizplat\u0101s \u0101rpus sak\u0146u zonas k\u0101 sl\u0101peklis.<\/p>\n

T\u0101 k\u0101 fosfors ir j\u0101lieto bie\u017e\u0101k nek\u0101 sl\u0101peklis, izv\u0113lieties l\u0113nas iedarb\u012bbas produktu, kas nodro\u0161in\u0101s vienm\u0113r\u012bgu fosfora pieg\u0101di visas sezonas garum\u0101.<\/p>\n

4. K\u0101lija m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0101lijs ir atrodams ar\u012b da\u017e\u0101dos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cos, tostarp k\u0101lija hlor\u012bd\u0101 (KCl), k\u0101lija sulf\u0101t\u0101 (K2SO4) jeb pota\u0161a sulf\u0101t\u0101 (SOP), un k\u0101lija nitr\u0101t\u0101 (KNO3), ko bie\u017ei sauc par KN, kas satur k\u0101liju atsevi\u0161\u0137i vai kombin\u0101cij\u0101 ar diviem vai vair\u0101kiem miner\u0101liem.<\/p>\n

K\u0101lijs ir sekund\u0101rs elements, kas pal\u012bdz augiem pretoties slim\u012bb\u0101m un uzlabot kop\u0113jo sparu. Produktu eti\u0137et\u0113s mekl\u0113jiet k\u0101lija avotus, piem\u0113ram, pota\u0161a sulf\u0101tu vai pota\u0161a s\u0101lssk\u0101bi; tie parasti ir nor\u0101d\u012bti k\u0101 K2O vai KClO3.<\/p>\n

5. Kalcija, magnija un s\u0113ra m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sekund\u0101r\u0101s augu bar\u012bbas vielas, piem\u0113ram, kalcijs (Ca), magnijs (Mg) un s\u0113rs (S), ir nepiecie\u0161amas. T\u0101s bie\u017ei lieto kop\u0101 ar galvenaj\u0101m bar\u012bbas viel\u0101m N, P un K, nevis k\u0101 atsevi\u0161\u0137us m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus. Vienk\u0101r\u0161ie N m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci, piem\u0113ram, amonija nitr\u0101ts vai ur\u012bnviela, bie\u017ei satur s\u0113ru.<\/p>\n

Papildu s\u0113ra avoti ir vienk\u0101r\u0161s superfosf\u0101ts (SSP), k\u0101lija sulf\u0101ts (SOP) un k\u0101lija magnija sulf\u0101ts (kain\u012bts), p\u0113d\u0113jais satur ar\u012b magniju. Kizer\u012bts ir magnija sulf\u0101ta materi\u0101ls, ko ieg\u016bst un izmanto lauksaimniec\u012bb\u0101 k\u0101 m\u0113slojumu, galvenok\u0101rt magnija defic\u012bta \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

Kalciju galvenok\u0101rt izmanto kalcija nitr\u0101ta, \u0123ip\u0161a (kalcija sulf\u0101ta) vai ka\u013c\u0137a\/dolom\u012bta (kalcija karbon\u0101ta) veid\u0101, un kalcija nitr\u0101ts ir vien\u012bgais augos pla\u0161i pieejamais kalcija avots.<\/p>\n

6. Mikroelementu m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pa\u0161laik ir viegli pieejams pla\u0161s specializ\u0113to m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu kl\u0101sts, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu augus ar nepiecie\u0161amajiem mikroelementiem, tostarp dzelzi, mang\u0101nu, boru, cinku un varu. T\u0101s var b\u016bt neorganiskas vai organiskas \u0137\u012bmiskas vielas, p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101s iedalot \u016bden\u012b \u0161\u0137\u012bsto\u0161\u0101s un ne\u0161\u0137\u012bsto\u0161\u0101s \u0161\u0137irn\u0113s.<\/p>\n

7. Inhibitori<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u016bsdienu ES lauksaimniekiem ir pieejami divu veidu inhibitori. Nitrifik\u0101cijas inhibitori ir \u0137\u012bmiskas vielas, kas ierobe\u017eo Nitrosomonas bakt\u0113riju aktivit\u0101ti augsn\u0113, aizkav\u0113jot amonija nitrifik\u0101ciju. M\u0113r\u0137is ir saglab\u0101t amoniju augsn\u0113 stabil\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b, vienlaikus pal\u0113ninot t\u0101 p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161anu nitr\u0101tos.<\/p>\n

Tas \u012bslaic\u012bgi samazina nitr\u0101tu \u012bpatsvaru augsn\u0113, samazinot nitr\u0101tu izskalo\u0161an\u0101s \u016bden\u012b vai N2O g\u0101zes veido\u0161an\u0101s risku atmosf\u0113r\u0101. Ure\u0101zes inhibitori ir \u0137\u012bmiskas vielas, kas nov\u0113r\u0161 ur\u012bnvielas hidrol\u012bzi augsn\u0113, kas var izrais\u012bt NH3 emisijas, pirms t\u0101 tiek p\u0101rveidota par amoniju.<\/p>\n

Tie pal\u012bdz iev\u0113rojami samazin\u0101t amonjaka emisijas atmosf\u0113r\u0101, kas ir viens no galvenajiem gaisa pies\u0101r\u0146ot\u0101jiem. Lai lab\u0101k izprastu uzturvielas un to ietekmi uz vesel\u012bbu, \u0161eit ir izkl\u0101jlapa:<\/p>\n

Uzturvielu tabula<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Uzturviela<\/b><\/td>\nNo kurienes tas n\u0101k<\/b><\/td>\nKo tas dara<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sl\u0101peklis (N)<\/b><\/td>\nAtmosf\u0113ra<\/span><\/td>\nSvar\u012bgi olbaltumvielu veido\u0161an\u0101<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fosfors (P)<\/b><\/td>\nSekli ie\u017eu nogulumi, kas veidoju\u0161ies sen\u0101s j\u016bras dz\u012bv\u012bbas sabruk\u0161anas rezult\u0101t\u0101<\/span><\/td>\nIz\u0161\u0137iro\u0161a noz\u012bme fotosint\u0113zes un citu \u0161\u016bnu procesu noris\u0113<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u0101lijs (K)<\/b><\/td>\nDzi\u013ci ie\u017eu nogulumi, kas paliku\u0161i aiz sevis seno j\u016bru iztvaiko\u0161anas rezult\u0101t\u0101<\/span><\/td>\nPal\u012bdz ra\u017eot augst\u0101kas kvalit\u0101tes kult\u016braugus<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kalcijs (Ca)<\/b><\/td>\nTo var atrast vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113 t\u0101dos ie\u017eos k\u0101 dolom\u012bts un ka\u013c\u0137akmens.<\/span><\/td>\nStiprina augu strukt\u016bru<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magnijs (Mg)<\/b><\/td>\n\u0136\u012bna ir aizst\u0101jusi Amerikas Savienot\u0101s Valstis k\u0101 liel\u0101ko pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ju<\/span><\/td>\nSvar\u012bgi hlorofila veido\u0161anai<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u0113rs (S)<\/b><\/td>\nKomerci\u0101l\u0101s atradnes ir atrodamas vulk\u0101niskajos re\u0123ionos, piem\u0113ram, Sic\u012blij\u0101, Indon\u0113zij\u0101 un Jap\u0101n\u0101.<\/span><\/td>\nTas ir \u013coti svar\u012bgi aminosk\u0101bju ra\u017eo\u0161anai<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bors (B)<\/b><\/td>\nGalvenie boraksa r\u016bdas avoti ir Turcija un Amerikas Savienot\u0101s Valstis.<\/span><\/td>\nSvar\u012bgi vesel\u012bgai \u0161\u016bnu aug\u0161anai un ziedputek\u0161\u0146u veido\u0161anai<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hlors (CI)<\/b><\/td>\nS\u0101ls nogulsnes (n\u0101trija hlor\u012bds), kas atrodamas vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113<\/span><\/td>\nPal\u012bdz augiem tikt gal\u0101 ar \u016bdens stresu<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Var\u0161 (Cu)<\/b><\/td>\nLiel\u0101kie ra\u017eot\u0101ji ir \u010c\u012ble, Amerikas Savienot\u0101s Valstis, Indon\u0113zija un Peru.<\/span><\/td>\nB\u016btisks \u0137\u012bmisko reakciju katalizators, kas atrodams augu \u0161\u016bn\u0101s<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dzelzs (Fe)<\/b><\/td>\nLiel\u0101kie ra\u017eot\u0101ji ir \u0136\u012bna, Braz\u012blija, Austr\u0101lija, Indija un Krievija.<\/span><\/td>\nSvar\u012bgs katalizators \u0137\u012bmiskaj\u0101m reakcij\u0101m augu \u0161\u016bn\u0101s<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mang\u0101ns (Mn)<\/b><\/td>\nSvar\u012bg\u0101kie avoti ir Ukraina un Dienvid\u0101frika.<\/span><\/td>\nPal\u012bdz augiem veidot hlorofilu un regul\u0113 da\u017e\u0101dus svar\u012bgus enz\u012bmus<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molibd\u0113ns (Mb)<\/b><\/td>\nGalvenie pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji ir \u0136\u012bna, Krievija, Amerikas Savienot\u0101s Valstis, Kan\u0101da un \u010c\u012ble.<\/span><\/td>\nPal\u012bdz augiem efekt\u012bv\u0101k izmantot N un P<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ni\u0137elis (Ni)<\/b><\/td>\nGalvenie ra\u017eot\u0101ji ir Kan\u0101da un Sib\u012brija (Krievija).<\/span><\/td>\n\u013bauj augiem regul\u0113t bio\u0137\u012bmiskos procesus<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cinks (Zn)<\/b><\/td>\nLieli noguld\u012bjumi Austr\u0101lij\u0101, Kan\u0101d\u0101 un Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs<\/span><\/td>\nPal\u012bdz augiem veidot olbaltumvielas, cietes un aug\u0161anas hormonus<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci<\/h2>\n

Organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci galvenok\u0101rt sast\u0101v no kult\u016braugu atliek\u0101m, dz\u012bvnieku k\u016btsm\u0113sliem un vircas. Tie parasti ir pieejami saimniec\u012bb\u0101, un tajos eso\u0161\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas un organiskais ogleklis tiek p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101ti, neskatoties uz to daudzveid\u012bgo uzturv\u0113rt\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

Dz\u012bvnieku k\u016btsm\u0113sli un virca satur da\u017e\u0101dus bar\u012bbas vielu avotus ar at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bg\u0101m fizik\u0101laj\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m un bar\u012bbas vielu koncentr\u0101ciju. Turkl\u0101t to bar\u012bbas vielu saturs at\u0161\u0137iras atkar\u012bb\u0101 no re\u0123iona un ir atkar\u012bgs no dz\u012bvnieku veida un izmantot\u0101s lauksaimniec\u012bbas tehnikas.<\/p>\n

\"Organiskie<\/p>\n

GeoPard ir piln\u012bgs un viegli lietojams Lauku uzraudz\u012bba<\/a> un datu anal\u012btika<\/a> programmat\u016bra, kas pal\u012bdz lauksaimniekiem un lauksaimniec\u012bbas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem organiz\u0113t lab\u0101ku kult\u016braugu uzraudz\u012bbu un nodro\u0161in\u0101t lab\u0101ku datu anal\u012bzi. Ja esat lauksaimnieks vai lauksaimniec\u012bbas uz\u0146\u0113mums, j\u016bs zin\u0101t, cik svar\u012bgi ir apkopot inform\u0101ciju par sav\u0101m kult\u016br\u0101m, laukiem vai saimniec\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Piem\u0113ram, laika prognoze var pal\u012bdz\u0113t jums izlemt, kad augs j\u0101st\u0101da, ta\u010du t\u0101 nepar\u0101da faktiskos apst\u0101k\u013cus j\u016bsu lauk\u0101. Jums ir nepiecie\u0161ama papildu inform\u0101cija par augsnes temperat\u016bru, mitrumu un cit\u0101m j\u016bsu zemes \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Vien\u012bgais veids, k\u0101 ieg\u016bt \u0161o inform\u0101ciju, ir manu\u0101li nov\u0113rojumi. Tas lauksaimniekiem ir laikietilp\u012bgi un d\u0101rgi.<\/p>\n

GeoPard pal\u012bdz jums organiz\u0113t lab\u0101ku kult\u016braugu uzraudz\u012bbu, apkopojot visu veidu datus no da\u017e\u0101diem avotiem: satel\u012btkartes<\/a>, laika prognozes, sensori, kas atrodas j\u016bsu lauk\u0101 (piem\u0113ram, augsnes sensori) utt.<\/p>\n

Ar GeoPard j\u016bs varat laika gait\u0101 izsekot jebk\u0101d\u0101m izmai\u0146\u0101m savos laukos, piem\u0113ram, augsnes mitruma vai temperat\u016bras izmai\u0146\u0101m, viegli sal\u012bdzin\u0101t tos ar citiem laukiem (neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai tiem ir l\u012bdz\u012bgas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas) vai veikt sal\u012bdzin\u0101jumus ar iepriek\u0161\u0113jo gadu v\u0113sturiskajiem datiem.<\/p>\n

Ar GeoPard j\u016bs varat viegli izsekot savu kult\u016braugu st\u0101vokli neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai tie atrodas lauk\u0101 vai m\u0101j\u0101s. Varat ar\u012b uzraudz\u012bt savu kult\u016braugu vesel\u012bbu un identific\u0113t visas iesp\u0113jam\u0101s probl\u0113mas, pirms t\u0101s k\u013c\u016bst par nopietn\u0101m.<\/p>\n

GeoPard ir izstr\u0101d\u0101ts, lai pal\u012bdz\u0113tu lauksaimniekiem apkopot visus savus datus vienuviet, lai vi\u0146i var\u0113tu viegli uzraudz\u012bt savas saimniec\u012bbas sniegumu. Programmat\u016bra sniedz ar\u012b ieskatu v\u0113sturiskie dati<\/a>, lai j\u016bs var\u0113tu redz\u0113t, k\u0101 j\u016bsu saimniec\u012bba ir main\u012bjusies laika gait\u0101, un pie\u0146emt p\u0101rdom\u0101tus l\u0113mumus par turpm\u0101kaj\u0101m darb\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n

\n

Bie\u017e\u0101k uzdotie jaut\u0101jumi<\/h2>\n
\n

1. Kur\u0161 m\u0113slojums ir vislab\u0101kais augiem un noder\u012bgs d\u0101rzkop\u012bbai?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lab\u0101kais m\u0113slojums augiem liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir atkar\u012bgs no to \u012bpa\u0161aj\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m. Parasti sabalans\u0113ts m\u0113slojums, kas satur vien\u0101das sl\u0101pek\u013ca, fosfora un k\u0101lija da\u013cas (NPK), var nodro\u0161in\u0101t nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas visp\u0101r\u0113jai aug\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r ir svar\u012bgi \u0146emt v\u0113r\u0101 t\u0101dus faktorus k\u0101 augsnes tips, augu suga un aug\u0161anas stadija. Augsnes testa veik\u0161ana un konsult\u0113\u0161an\u0101s ar d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas ekspertiem var pal\u012bdz\u0113t noteikt vispiem\u0113rot\u0101ko m\u0113slojumu, nodro\u0161inot optim\u0101lu augu vesel\u012bbu un produktivit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n

2. Kas ir m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci? K\u0101 tie ietekm\u0113 augus?<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u0101s ir vielas, kas nodro\u0161ina augus ar nepiecie\u0161amaj\u0101m bar\u012bbas viel\u0101m, lai atbalst\u012btu to aug\u0161anu un att\u012bst\u012bbu. \u0160\u012bs bar\u012bbas vielas ietver sl\u0101pekli, fosforu un k\u0101liju, k\u0101 ar\u012b sekund\u0101r\u0101s un mikroelementus.<\/p>\n

Tos parasti lieto augsn\u0113 vai tie\u0161i augiem, lai atjaunotu bar\u012bbas vielu l\u012bmeni un uzlabotu to vesel\u012bbu un produktivit\u0101ti. Tie ir pieejami da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s form\u0101s, piem\u0113ram, granul\u0101s, \u0161\u0137idrumos un pulveros, un var b\u016bt organiskas vai sint\u0113tiskas.<\/p>\n

3. K\u0101ds m\u0113slojums satur sl\u0101pekli, fosforu un k\u0101liju?<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u0113slojumu, kas satur sl\u0101pekli, fosforu un k\u0101liju, bie\u017ei sauc par NPK m\u0113slojumu. \u0160\u0101da veida m\u0113slojums ir \u012bpa\u0161i izstr\u0101d\u0101ts, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu sabalans\u0113tu \u0161o b\u016btisko bar\u012bbas vielu kombin\u0101ciju. Sl\u0101pek\u013ca, fosfora un k\u0101lija proporcijas da\u017e\u0101dos NPK m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cos var at\u0161\u0137irties atkar\u012bb\u0101 no augu \u012bpa\u0161aj\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m un to aug\u0161anas stadij\u0101m.<\/p>\n

4. K\u0101 darbojas m\u0113slojums?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tie darbojas, pieg\u0101d\u0101jot augiem nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas. Iestr\u0101d\u0101jot augsn\u0113 vai tie\u0161i uz augiem, tie atbr\u012bvo sl\u0101pekli, fosforu, k\u0101liju un citus mikroelementus, kas augiem nepiecie\u0161ami da\u017e\u0101diem biolo\u0123iskiem procesiem.<\/p>\n

\u0160\u012bs bar\u012bbas vielas absorb\u0113 augu saknes un izmanto t\u0101d\u0101m funkcij\u0101m k\u0101 fotosint\u0113ze, \u0161\u016bnu dal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s un olbaltumvielu un enz\u012bmu ra\u017eo\u0161ana. Papildinot bar\u012bbas vielu l\u012bmeni augsn\u0113, t\u0101s nodro\u0161ina, ka augiem ir pietiekams bar\u012bbas vielu daudzums, lai atbalst\u012btu to vielmai\u0146as aktivit\u0101tes un sasniegtu optim\u0101lu vesel\u012bbu un produktivit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n

5. Vai Osmocote m\u0113slojums ir organisks?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tas nav klasific\u0113ts k\u0101 organisks. Tas ir sint\u0113tisks vai neorganisks m\u0113slojums, ko parasti izmanto d\u0101rzkop\u012bb\u0101 un lauksaimniec\u012bb\u0101. Osmocote ir kontrol\u0113tas iedarb\u012bbas m\u0113slojums, kas satur sabalans\u0113tu bar\u012bbas vielu mais\u012bjumu, kas iekapsul\u0113ts sve\u0137u apvalk\u0101.<\/p>\n

Lai gan tas ilgsto\u0161i nodro\u0161ina augu bar\u012bbas vielas, tas neatbilst organisko m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu krit\u0113rijiem, kurus ieg\u016bst no dab\u012bgiem avotiem, piem\u0113ram, komposta, k\u016btsm\u0113sliem vai augu izcelsmes materi\u0101liem.<\/p>\n

6. No k\u0101 tiek gatavots m\u0113slojums?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tie ir izgatavoti no da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m sast\u0101vda\u013c\u0101m, kas nodro\u0161ina augiem nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas. Tie parasti satur tr\u012bs galven\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas: sl\u0101pekli (N), fosforu (P) un k\u0101liju (K). \u0160\u012bs bar\u012bbas vielas var ieg\u016bt gan no organiskiem, gan neorganiskiem avotiem.<\/p>\n

Neorganiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci bie\u017ei vien k\u0101 avotus izmanto miner\u0101ls\u0101\u013cus, savuk\u0101rt organiskie m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci ir ieg\u016bti no dab\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem, piem\u0113ram, komposta, k\u016btsm\u0113sliem vai augu atliek\u0101m. Turkl\u0101t tie var satur\u0113t ar\u012b sekund\u0101r\u0101s un mikroelementvielas, piem\u0113ram, kalciju, magniju, dzelzi un cinku, atkar\u012bb\u0101 no augu \u012bpa\u0161aj\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m un augsnes apst\u0101k\u013ciem.<\/p>\n

7. Kam lieto 30-0-10 m\u0113slojumu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

30-0-10 m\u0113slojums galvenok\u0101rt tiek izmantots vesel\u012bgas z\u0101liena aug\u0161anas veicin\u0101\u0161anai. Skait\u013ci \u0161aj\u0101 m\u0113slojum\u0101 nor\u0101da sl\u0101pek\u013ca (30%), fosfora (0%) un k\u0101lija (10%) procentu\u0101lo daudzumu, ko tas satur.<\/p>\n

Ar augstu sl\u0101pek\u013ca saturu tas stimul\u0113 sul\u012bgi za\u013cu lapotni un pal\u012bdz visp\u0101r\u0113jai z\u0101les att\u012bst\u012bbai. Fosfora tr\u016bkums liecina, ka augsn\u0113 jau ir pietiekams \u0161\u012bs bar\u012bbas vielas l\u012bmenis, savuk\u0101rt k\u0101lija komponents atbalsta sak\u0146u aug\u0161anu un uzlabo z\u0101liena notur\u012bbu pret stresu un slim\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n

8. Vai 20-20-20 m\u0113slojums ir labs tom\u0101tiem? Vai tas boj\u0101jas?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tas var b\u016bt piem\u0113rots tom\u0101tu augiem, \u012bpa\u0161i to agr\u012bnaj\u0101s aug\u0161anas stadij\u0101s. \u0160\u012b sabalans\u0113t\u0101 sl\u0101pek\u013ca, fosfora un k\u0101lija attiec\u012bba veicina vesel\u012bgu lapotni, sak\u0146u att\u012bst\u012bbu un aug\u013cu ra\u017eo\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r, tom\u0101tu augiem nobriestot un s\u0101kot ra\u017eot aug\u013cus, labv\u0113l\u012bg\u0101ks var b\u016bt m\u0113slojums ar augst\u0101ku fosfora saturu. Run\u0101jot par to, vai m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci saboj\u0101jas, ja tos pareizi uzglab\u0101 un uztur saus\u0101 viet\u0101, liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu ir ilgs glab\u0101\u0161anas laiks.<\/p>\n

9. Cik bie\u017ei man vajadz\u0113tu m\u0113slot savu z\u0101lienu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u0101liena m\u0113slo\u0161anas bie\u017eums ir atkar\u012bgs no vair\u0101kiem faktoriem, tostarp z\u0101les veida, augsnes apst\u0101k\u013ciem, klimata un konkr\u0113t\u0101 izmantot\u0101 veida. K\u0101 visp\u0101r\u0113js nor\u0101d\u012bjums ieteicams z\u0101lienu m\u0113slot divas l\u012bdz \u010detras reizes gad\u0101.<\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r ir svar\u012bgi iev\u0113rot nor\u0101d\u012bjumus uz iepakojuma vai konsult\u0113ties ar viet\u0113jo d\u0101rzkop\u012bbas speci\u0101listu, lai noteiktu lab\u0101ko m\u0113slo\u0161anas grafiku j\u016bsu konkr\u0113tajam z\u0101lienam.<\/p>\n

10. K\u0101 m\u0113slot augu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Augu m\u0113slo\u0161ana ir vienk\u0101r\u0161s process. S\u0101ciet, izv\u0113loties atbilsto\u0161u m\u0113slojumu, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 auga vajadz\u012bbas. Iev\u0113rojiet nor\u0101d\u012bjumus uz iepakojuma, lai noteiktu ieteicamo devu.<\/p>\n

Viegli uzkl\u0101jiet to ap auga pamatni, izvairoties no tie\u0161as saskares ar lap\u0101m. Visbeidzot, r\u016bp\u012bgi aplaistiet augu, lai pal\u012bdz\u0113tu bar\u012bbas viel\u0101m ies\u016bkties augsn\u0113 un sasniegt saknes.<\/p>\n

Ir svar\u012bgi iev\u0113rot ieteicamo m\u0113slo\u0161anas grafiku un piel\u0101got to atkar\u012bb\u0101 no konkr\u0113t\u0101s augu sugas un aug\u0161anas stadijas, lai sasniegtu optim\u0101lus rezult\u0101tus.<\/p>\n

11. K\u0101 padar\u012bt augsni sk\u0101bu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lai padar\u012btu augsni sk\u0101bu, varat veikt da\u017eas darb\u012bbas. Vispirms p\u0101rbaudiet augsnes pH l\u012bmeni, izmantojot augsnes test\u0113\u0161anas komplektu. Ja pH l\u012bmenis ir augst\u0101ks nek\u0101 v\u0113lams, varat pievienot t\u0101dus piemais\u012bjumus k\u0101 element\u0101rais s\u0113rs vai k\u016bdras s\u016bnas, lai to pazemin\u0101tu. \u0160ie materi\u0101li, sadaloties, atbr\u012bvo sk\u0101bus savienojumus.<\/p>\n

Iemaisiet piedevas augsnes virsk\u0101rt\u0101 un r\u016bp\u012bgi aplaistiet. Periodiski atk\u0101rtojiet procesu, kontrol\u0113jot pH l\u012bmeni, lai uztur\u0113tu v\u0113lamo sk\u0101buma l\u012bmeni augiem, kas aug sk\u0101b\u0101 vid\u0113.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vislab\u0101kajam m\u0113slo\u0161anas veidam vienm\u0113r ir nepiecie\u0161ams izmantot vislab\u0101kos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus. Vislab\u0101kais m\u0113slojuma veids j\u016bsu augiem ir atkar\u012bgs no t\u0101, ko j\u016bs\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210157960,"featured_media":4869,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","content-type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1380],"tags":[1615],"class_list":["post-4864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whats","tag-fertilizer"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat are the main types of fertilizers?\u2618\ufe0f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Want to learn about main types of fertilizers? 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