{"id":2366,"date":"2021-12-21T10:43:37","date_gmt":"2021-12-21T09:43:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/?p=2366"},"modified":"2023-07-11T14:29:57","modified_gmt":"2023-07-11T12:29:57","slug":"kas-ir-meslosana-un-ka-ta-darbojas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lv\/blog\/what-is-fertigation-and-how-does-it-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Kas ir m\u0113slo\u0161ana un k\u0101 t\u0101 darbojas?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lai gan lauksaimniec\u012bb\u0101 m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci tiek pla\u0161i izmantoti, to tradicion\u0101l\u0101s lieto\u0161anas metodes var b\u016bt iz\u0161\u0137\u0113rd\u012bgas, un ar tiem saist\u012bt\u0101 notece bie\u017ei vien negat\u012bvi ietekm\u0113 viet\u0113jo ekosist\u0113mu.<\/p>\n

Viena no daudzaj\u0101m prec\u012bz\u0101s lauksaimniec\u012bbas praks\u0113m, m\u0113slo\u0161ana, ir \u013coti piel\u0101gojama un m\u0113rogojama prakse, kas tiek pla\u0161i izmantota, jo t\u0101 vienk\u0101r\u0161o m\u0113slojuma lieto\u0161anu un ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anu augiem, apvienojot tos vien\u0101 atkritumus nerado\u0161\u0101 sist\u0113m\u0101.<\/p>\n

T\u0101 ir bijusi popul\u0101ra prakse lauksaimnieku un lauksaimniec\u012bbas speci\u0101listu vid\u016b jau vair\u0101kus gadu desmitus, un t\u0101s efektivit\u0101te un lietder\u012bba tikai pieaug, jo t\u0101 tiek integr\u0113ta ar modern\u0101m tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101m, kas turpina racionaliz\u0113t un automatiz\u0113t procesu.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas defin\u0113\u0161ana<\/h2>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161ana ir m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu vai bar\u012bbas vielu ievad\u012b\u0161ana lauksaimniec\u012bbas sist\u0113m\u0101, izmantojot ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas t\u012bklu, kur bar\u012bbas vielas tiek iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101tas \u016bden\u012b un p\u0113c tam augi t\u0101s tie\u0161i absorb\u0113, uz\u0146emot \u016bdeni.<\/p>\n

\u0160is termins apvieno terminus \u2018m\u0113slojums\u2019 un \u2018ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana\u2019, un tas past\u0101v k\u0101 j\u0113dziens simtiem gadu, kad senaj\u0101 Rom\u0101 lauksaimnieki faktiski izmantoja notek\u016bde\u0146us savu kult\u016braugu laist\u012b\u0161anai, lai gan kop\u0161 t\u0101 laika tas ir iev\u0113rojami att\u012bst\u012bjies.<\/p>\n

To var izmantot kop\u0101 ar vair\u0101k\u0101m da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas metod\u0113m, tostarp smidzin\u0101t\u0101ju, pilienveida un m\u0113rc\u0113\u0161anas ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101m, lai gan pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana ir vispiem\u0113rot\u0101kais un visizdev\u012bg\u0101kais ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas veids.<\/p>\n

Sal\u012bdzinot ar m\u0113slojuma izklied\u0113\u0161anas josl\u0101m vai izklied\u0113\u0161anas metod\u0113m, t\u0101 tiek uzskat\u012bta par prec\u012bz\u0101ko un kontrol\u0113t\u0101ko lieto\u0161anas metodi, un parasti taj\u0101 tiek izmantots kopum\u0101 maz\u0101ks m\u0113slojuma daudzums sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar cit\u0101m metod\u0113m.<\/p>\n

T\u0101 ir ar\u012b izplat\u012bta prakse hidroponisk\u0101s vai bezaugsnes audz\u0113\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101s, jo t\u0101 ir l\u012bdz \u0161im vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101k\u0101 metode, k\u0101 ievad\u012bt prec\u012bzas pareiz\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielu devas, kas nepiecie\u0161amas augiem \u0161aj\u0101s sist\u0113m\u0101s.<\/p>\n

Lai gan m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101s tiek izmantoti vair\u0101ki savienojumi, visizplat\u012bt\u0101kie ir fosfors, k\u0101lijs un sl\u0101peklis, jo tiem ir liela noz\u012bme daudzu kult\u016braugu sugu aug\u0161an\u0101 un att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101.<\/p>\n

K\u0101 darbojas m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113mas<\/h2>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas galvenais princips ir \u016bden\u012b \u0161\u0137\u012bsto\u0161u m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101\u0161ana ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anai izmantotaj\u0101 \u016bden\u012b, lai to lieto\u0161ana b\u016btu apvienota. T\u0101 k\u0101 mitras saknes ir nepiecie\u0161amas efekt\u012bvai m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu absorbcijai, tas iev\u0113rojami palielina m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu lieto\u0161anas efektivit\u0101ti, nodro\u0161inot, ka tie non\u0101k sakn\u0113s jau samitrin\u0101t\u0101 augsn\u0113.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu uzglab\u0101\u0161anas veids da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s sist\u0113m\u0101s var at\u0161\u0137irties, ta\u010du tos bie\u017ei uzglab\u0101 \u0161\u0137idr\u0101 veid\u0101, ko ir viegl\u0101k sajaukt ar \u016bdeni nek\u0101 da\u013ci\u0146as, kas j\u0101iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdina. Katra m\u0113slo\u0161anas t\u012bkla specifika ir atkar\u012bga no lauksaimniec\u012bbas darb\u012bbas apjoma un ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113mas veida, un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101kas darb\u012bbas var notikt p\u0113c automatiz\u0113tiem grafikiem, savuk\u0101rt vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101kas, maz\u0101ka m\u0113roga saimniec\u012bbas to dar\u012bs manu\u0101li.<\/p>\n

Parasti \u0161\u0137idru m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzekli uzglab\u0101 liel\u0101 tvertn\u0113, un p\u0113c tam pilin\u0101t\u0101js vai in\u017eektors pies\u016bcina ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas \u016bdeni ar prec\u012bziem m\u0113slojuma daudzumiem.<\/p>\n

Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca re\u0123ion\u0101lo lauksaimniec\u012bbas noteikumu nosaka, ka m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101m j\u0101b\u016bt apr\u012bkot\u0101m ar\u012b ar pretpl\u016bsmas nov\u0113r\u0161anas ier\u012bci, lai izvair\u012btos no s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101s ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas \u016bdens padeves pies\u0101r\u0146o\u0161anas ar m\u0113slotu \u016bdeni, jo tas var\u0113tu rad\u012bt dzeram\u0101 \u016bdens avotu pies\u0101r\u0146o\u0161anas risku ar sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101m \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101m viel\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Bar\u012bbas vielu uzs\u016bk\u0161an\u0101s mode\u013ci fertig\u0101cij\u0101<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113mas lauksaimniec\u012bbas speci\u0101listiem ir pla\u0161i izmantotas jau gadiem ilgi, jo t\u0101s palielina efektivit\u0101ti, ar k\u0101du t\u0101s sp\u0113j apg\u0101d\u0101t augus ar bar\u012bbas viel\u0101m.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101\u0161ana \u016bden\u012b un pieg\u0101de augiem \u0161\u0137idr\u0101 veid\u0101 \u013cauj tiem \u0101tr\u0101k uzs\u016bkties un izmantot nek\u0101 tradicion\u0101lajiem m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem, \u012bpa\u0161i, ja to veic sak\u0146u l\u012bmen\u012b, izmantojot pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

Lai gan prec\u012bz\u0101s lauksaimniec\u012bbas tehnolo\u0123ijas past\u0101v jau gadu desmitiem, m\u016bsdienu inov\u0101cijas \u0161aj\u0101 jom\u0101 ir rad\u012bju\u0161as iesp\u0113ju prec\u012bzi noteikt m\u0113slojuma daudzumu ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anai, lai m\u0113r\u0137\u0113tu uz konkr\u0113t\u0101m kult\u016br\u0101m, un ir rad\u012bju\u0161as automatiz\u0113tas sist\u0113mas ar moderniem sensoriem, v\u0101rstiem un iesmidzin\u0101\u0161anas t\u012bkliem.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slot\u0101 \u016bdens izplat\u012b\u0161an\u0101s veids da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s sist\u0113m\u0101s un katras zemes plat\u012bbas unik\u0101laj\u0101 augsnes bio\u0123eo\u0137\u012bmij\u0101 at\u0161\u0137iras, ta\u010du pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas gad\u012bjum\u0101 tas parasti izplat\u0101s uz \u0101ru un uz leju no izlai\u0161anas vietas, p\u0101rvietojoties gravit\u0101cijas ietekm\u0113. Smagas m\u0101la augsnes nav ide\u0101li piem\u0113rotas m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101m, jo m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci var iespr\u016bst un uzkr\u0101ties sak\u0146u l\u012bmen\u012b.<\/p>\n

\"m\u0113slo\u0161anas<\/p>\n

Veiksm\u012bgu m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113mu izveide<\/h2>\n

Efekt\u012bvas un veiksm\u012bgas m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113mas ir atkar\u012bgas no m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu izv\u0113les un s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101 ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas t\u012bkla konstrukcijas. Pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113mas ir visizplat\u012bt\u0101kais un visizdev\u012bg\u0101kais veids, ko p\u0101rveidot par m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101m, jo t\u0101s pieg\u0101d\u0101 \u016bdeni un bar\u012bbas vielas tie\u0161i auga sak\u0146u zonai, lai t\u0101s \u0101tri absorb\u0113tu un izmantotu.<\/p>\n

Galvenie apsv\u0113rumi veiksm\u012bgas sist\u0113mas izveid\u0113 ir izmantojam\u0101 m\u0113slojuma veids, k\u0101 ar\u012b tas, cik tas \u0161\u0137\u012bst, sk\u0101bs un sader\u012bgs ar m\u0113r\u0137a kult\u016br\u0101m. Izmantojamajam mais\u012bjumam j\u0101b\u016bt balst\u012btam uz audz\u0113jamo augu bar\u012bbas vielu vajadz\u012bb\u0101m, un main\u012bgas devas m\u0113slojuma (VRF) sist\u0113mas var prec\u012bzi noteikt specifiskas bar\u012bbas vielu vajadz\u012bbas augsn\u0113.<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0tabul\u0101 ir apkopoti da\u017ei no visbie\u017e\u0101k izmantotajiem savienojumiem m\u0113slo\u0161an\u0101 un to \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101 sadal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s, k\u0101 ar\u012b tas, k\u0101 main\u0101s to sp\u0113ja \u0161\u0137\u012bst \u016bden\u012b, paaugstinoties temperat\u016brai. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas t\u012bklu tagad ir b\u016bv\u0113ti no plastmasas vai l\u012bdz\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem, kas ir svar\u012bgi, jo da\u017ei m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci var b\u016bt \u013coti sp\u0113c\u012bgi un kod\u012bgi met\u0101la cauru\u013cvadiem.<\/p>\n

Pl\u0101nojot augsnes apstr\u0101di un m\u0113slo\u0161anu kopum\u0101, j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101 augsnes tips un sk\u0101bums, un ir svar\u012bgi pareizi izv\u0113l\u0113ties augsnes tipam atbilsto\u0161us m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, lai nov\u0113rstu t\u0101s p\u0101r\u0101k sk\u0101bu vai s\u0101rmainu iedarb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

V\u0113l viens veiksm\u012bgas m\u0113slo\u0161anas apsv\u0113rums ir t\u0101du bar\u012bbas vielu savienojumu izv\u0113le, kuru \u0161\u0137\u012bd\u012bbas sp\u0113ja ir piem\u0113rota j\u016bsu re\u0123iona augsnes un \u016bdens temperat\u016brai. Optim\u0101lai m\u0113slo\u0161anas pl\u0101no\u0161anai j\u0101izmanto \u0123eotelpisk\u0101s kart\u0113\u0161anas programmat\u016bra, lai izveidotu daudzsl\u0101\u0146u karti, kas atspogu\u013co at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas starp da\u017e\u0101diem faktoriem, piem\u0113ram, augsnes elektrovad\u012btsp\u0113ju, pH l\u012bmeni, bar\u012bbas vielu bl\u012bvumu un dren\u0101\u017eas mode\u013ciem, lai atbilsto\u0161\u0101s izejvielas var\u0113tu iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t j\u016bsu ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101 pareizaj\u0101 daudzum\u0101.<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0tabula: Visbie\u017e\u0101k izmantoto m\u0113slo\u0161anai izmantoto savienojumu sadal\u012bjums<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Savienojums<\/strong><\/td>\nElektrisk\u0101s <\/strong>Vad\u012btsp\u0113ja\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

(dS\/m)<\/strong><\/td>\n

pH\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nUzturviela\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0160\u0137\u012bd\u012bbas sp\u0113ja<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pie 0 \u2103\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/td>\nPie 20 \u2103\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Amonija nitr\u0101ts<\/span><\/td>\n0.7<\/span><\/td>\n5.5<\/span><\/td>\nSl\u0101peklis<\/span><\/td>\n1183<\/span><\/td>\n1950<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Amonija sulf\u0101ts<\/span><\/td>\n1.4<\/span><\/td>\n4.5<\/span><\/td>\nSl\u0101peklis<\/span><\/td>\n706<\/span><\/td>\n750<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kalcija nitr\u0101ts<\/span><\/td>\n2.0<\/span><\/td>\n6.9<\/span><\/td>\nSl\u0101peklis<\/span><\/td>\n1020<\/span><\/td>\n1294<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diamonija fosf\u0101ts<\/span><\/td>\n0.6<\/span><\/td>\n7.8<\/span><\/td>\nSl\u0101peklis <\/span>Fosfors\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n429<\/span><\/td>\n692<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magnija hlor\u012bds<\/span><\/td>\n2.0<\/span><\/td>\n6.8<\/span><\/td>\nMagnijs<\/span><\/td>\n528<\/span><\/td>\n546<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magnija sulf\u0101ts<\/span><\/td>\n2.2<\/span><\/td>\n6.9<\/span><\/td>\nMagnijs<\/span><\/td>\n260<\/span><\/td>\n356<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Monok\u0101lija fosf\u0101ts\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n0.7<\/span><\/td>\n4.6<\/span><\/td>\nK\u0101lijs <\/span>Fosfors\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n142<\/span><\/td>\n225<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u0101lija hlor\u012bds<\/span><\/td>\n0.7<\/span><\/td>\n7.0<\/span><\/td>\nK\u0101lijs<\/span><\/td>\n280<\/span><\/td>\n340<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u0101lija nitr\u0101ts<\/span><\/td>\n0.7<\/span><\/td>\n7.0<\/span><\/td>\nSl\u0101peklis <\/span>K\u0101lijs<\/span><\/td>\n130<\/span><\/td>\n320<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ur\u012bnviela<\/span><\/td>\n2.7<\/span><\/td>\n7.0<\/span><\/td>\nSl\u0101peklis\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n680<\/span><\/td>\n850<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas sader\u012bba ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101m<\/h2>\n

Vislab\u0101k\u0101s m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113mas ir t\u0101s, kas apvienotas ar pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas l\u012bnij\u0101m, lai \u016bdeni un bar\u012bbas vielas var\u0113tu pieg\u0101d\u0101t tie\u0161i sakn\u0113m. kult\u016braugu zona<\/a> \u2013 lai gan tehniski to var izdar\u012bt, izmantojot jebkuru ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113mu.<\/p>\n

Laist\u012b\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101m ir vair\u0101ki b\u016btiski tr\u016bkumi, jo liela da\u013ca m\u0113slot\u0101 \u016bdens non\u0101k uz augu lap\u0101m un lapotnes, kas iz\u0161\u0137ie\u017e v\u0113rt\u012bgus resursus un var apdedzin\u0101t trauslas lapas vai veicin\u0101t s\u0113n\u012b\u0161u slim\u012bbu izplat\u012b\u0161anos, pateicoties st\u0101vo\u0161am mitrumam.<\/p>\n

V\u0113j\u0161 var ar\u012b iep\u016bst m\u0113slot\u0101 \u016bdens m\u0101ko\u0146us blakus eso\u0161ajos laukos vai \u016bdens avotos, ko ir gr\u016bti izskaidrot un kas var pies\u0101r\u0146ot \u016bdens avotus ar potenci\u0101li b\u012bstam\u0101m sek\u0101m.<\/p>\n

\u016adens un bar\u012bbas vielu pieg\u0101de, izmantojot pazemes pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anu, ir lab\u0101k\u0101 metode, jo t\u0101 rada minim\u0101lu zudumu un augu saknes to var \u0101tri absorb\u0113t p\u0113c izlai\u0161anas. Turkl\u0101t pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana \u013cauj kontrol\u0113t\u0101k un prec\u012bz\u0101k izlietot m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus noteikt\u0101s augsnes viet\u0101s, lai apmierin\u0101tu katra auga vajadz\u012bbas, sal\u012bdzinot ar smidzin\u0101t\u0101jiem.<\/p>\n

Pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anai ir nepiecie\u0161ams ar\u012b maz\u0101ks spiediens nek\u0101 sprinkleru sist\u0113m\u0101m, kas attiecas ar\u012b uz m\u0113rc\u0113\u0161anas \u0161\u013c\u016bte\u0146u ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101m, tom\u0113r t\u0101s ir maz\u0101k ide\u0101las nek\u0101 pazemes pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana, jo t\u0101s joproj\u0101m laist virsmas l\u012bmen\u012b un t\u0101m nav t\u0101da pati precizit\u0101te, jo \u016bdens tiek izvad\u012bts no visas \u0161\u013c\u016btenes virsmas laukuma.<\/p>\n

\"M\u0113slo\u0161anas<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas<\/h2>\n

Pareizi uzst\u0101d\u012btas m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113mas var izr\u0101d\u012bties \u013coti izdev\u012bgas lauksaimniec\u012bbas speci\u0101listiem vair\u0101ku iemeslu d\u0113\u013c. Pirmk\u0101rt, tas ir \u013coti efekt\u012bvs veids, k\u0101 izklied\u0113t m\u0113slojumu, izmantojot pieeju "nogaliniet divus za\u0137us ar vienu \u0161\u0101vienu", vienlaikus laistot un m\u0113slojot kult\u016braugus.<\/p>\n

Tas noz\u012bm\u0113 ar\u012b to, ka vienu un to pa\u0161u cauru\u013cvadu apr\u012bkojumu un infrastrukt\u016bru var izmantot diviem svar\u012bgiem ievades procesiem, padarot to par izmaksu zi\u0146\u0101 efekt\u012bvu pieeju. T\u0101 ir ar\u012b ekonomiski izdev\u012bga, jo prec\u012bza m\u0113slojuma lieto\u0161ana, izmantojot jau t\u0101 efekt\u012bvu sist\u0113mu, piem\u0113ram, pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anu, noz\u012bm\u0113 resursu taup\u012b\u0161anu un ir j\u0101izmanto tikai prec\u012bzi apjomi.<\/p>\n

Sal\u012bdzinot ar tradicion\u0101lo pieeju, kad vair\u0101kos laukos tiek izsmidzin\u0101ts viens monotons m\u0113slojuma daudzums, m\u0113slojuma zudumi ir minim\u0101li. T\u0101 k\u0101 m\u0113slojums kult\u016braugiem j\u0101lieto ret\u0101k nek\u0101 \u016bdens, to var palielin\u0101t vai samazin\u0101t p\u0113c nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas, nep\u0101rsl\u0113dzoties uz citu sist\u0113mu, jo pat intens\u012bvi barojamiem augiem neb\u016bs nepiecie\u0161ama bie\u017e\u0101ka m\u0113slo\u0161ana nek\u0101 ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana.<\/p>\n

Maz\u0101ki, bet bie\u017e\u0101ki m\u0113slojuma daudzumi, kas tiek lietoti kult\u016braugiem, ar\u012b ir izdev\u012bgi, jo tie parasti samazina s\u0101\u013cu uzkr\u0101\u0161an\u0101s iesp\u0113jam\u012bbu, sal\u012bdzinot ar liel\u0101ku apjomu, bet retu izklied\u0113\u0161anu vai josl\u0101s.<\/p>\n

To izmanto sausos klimatiskajos apst\u0101k\u013cos, kur tr\u016bkst \u016bdens, lai uzlabotu katra izmantot\u0101 \u016bdens piliena potenci\u0101lu un nodro\u0161in\u0101tu, ka tiek izmantots katrs mitras augsnes ple\u0137\u012btis, vienlaikus nodro\u0161inot nepiecie\u0161amos m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus.<\/p>\n

Pilienveida m\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101s ne tikai tiek stingri kontrol\u0113ta m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu koncentr\u0101cija, bet ar\u012b \u016bdens izdal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s punktu atra\u0161an\u0101s vieta ir prec\u012bz\u0101ka, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 kult\u016braugu saknes var \u0101tri absorb\u0113t bar\u012bbas vielas, tikl\u012bdz t\u0101s tiek uzkl\u0101tas, nevis tikai uzs\u016bkties tuk\u0161\u0101s un saus\u0101s augsnes viet\u0101s, kur t\u0101s tiek iz\u0161\u0137\u0113rd\u0113tas.<\/p>\n

Saknes jau ir mitras, kad t\u0101s sa\u0146em m\u0113slojumu, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di samazinot sak\u0146u apdegumus un palielinot absorbcijas sp\u0113ju.<\/p>\n

\u0160\u012b m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ca tie\u0161as pieg\u0101des sakn\u0113m metode samazina bar\u012bbas vielu izskalo\u0161an\u0101s iesp\u0113jam\u012bbu, jo laiks, ko m\u0113slojums pavada "neapturam\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b" no t\u0101 uzkl\u0101\u0161anas br\u012b\u017ea l\u012bdz t\u0101 uzs\u016bk\u0161anai, ir \u013coti \u012bss, t\u0101p\u0113c past\u0101v maz\u0101ks noteces risks lietus vai l\u012bdz\u012bgu laikapst\u0101k\u013cu d\u0113\u013c.<\/p>\n

P\u0113t\u012bjumi liecina, ka ar atbilsto\u0161u apr\u012bkojumu un pareizu uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu pilienveida m\u0113slo\u0161ana var iev\u0113rojami palielin\u0101t ra\u017eas<\/a>, uzlabot \u016bdens produktivit\u0101ti un iev\u0113rojami samazin\u0101t m\u0113slojuma iz\u0161\u0137\u0113rd\u0113\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

\"M\u0113slo\u0161anas<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas tr\u016bkumi<\/h2>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas sist\u0113mu tr\u016bkumi galvenok\u0101rt ir saist\u012bti ar ekonomiskiem tr\u016bkumiem, jo sist\u0113m\u0101m ar minim\u0101l\u0101m invest\u012bcij\u0101m ir liel\u0101ka iesp\u0113jam\u012bba saskarties ar infrastrukt\u016bras un nopl\u016b\u017eu probl\u0113m\u0101m. Bez \u013coti kvalitat\u012bvas prevent\u012bvas pretpl\u016bsmas ier\u012bces past\u0101v iev\u0113rojams risks, ka ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anai izmantotais sald\u016bdens avots var\u0113tu tikt pies\u0101r\u0146ots ar m\u0113slo\u0161anas \u016bdeni.<\/p>\n

Tas rada ac\u012bmredzamus draudus cilv\u0113ku vesel\u012bbai, bet ar\u012b viet\u0113jo \u016bdens\u0161\u0137irt\u0146u, floras un faunas vesel\u012bbai un var veicin\u0101t viet\u0113j\u0101s biomas visp\u0101r\u0113jo pies\u0101r\u0146ojumu.<\/p>\n

Zem\u0101kas kvalit\u0101tes vai vec\u0101kam apr\u012bkojumam, vai cauru\u013cvadu infrastrukt\u016brai, kas stiepjas lielos att\u0101lumos, var pl\u016bst nekonsekventi \u0161\u0137\u012bdumi, jo m\u0113slojums, p\u0101rvietojoties pa ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas l\u012bnij\u0101m, at\u0161\u0137aid\u0101s \u016bden\u012b, samazinot sist\u0113mas efektivit\u0101ti un potenci\u0101li izraisot noteiktu kult\u016braugu p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgu m\u0113slo\u0161anu un citu kult\u016braugu nepietiekamu m\u0113slo\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas \u016bdens \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101 sast\u0101va past\u0101v ar\u012b reakcijas iesp\u0113jam\u012bba starp magnija vai kalcija b\u0101zes m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem un jebkuriem \u016bden\u012b eso\u0161ajiem bikarbon\u0101tiem.<\/p>\n

Tas notiek bie\u017e\u0101k, ja \u016bdens avots ir aka vai grunts\u016bde\u0146i, un \u016bden\u012b var b\u016bt nedaudz liel\u0101ka ka\u013c\u0137a vai dzelzs koncentr\u0101cija, kas rea\u0123\u0113 ar m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem vai vienk\u0101r\u0161i uzkr\u0101jas un nogulsn\u0113jas.<\/p>\n

\u0136\u012bmisk\u0101 aizs\u0113r\u0113\u0161ana var saasin\u0101t probl\u0113mas, kas saist\u012btas ar nevienm\u0113r\u012bgu bar\u012bbas vielu lieto\u0161anu kult\u016braugiem, blo\u0137\u0113jot izejas punktus ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113m\u0101. Risin\u0101jumi ietver \u016bdens pH manipul\u0113\u0161anu vai zemas fosfon\u0101ta koncentr\u0101cijas ievad\u012b\u0161anu \u016bden\u012b, vai t\u0101 ies\u016bkn\u0113\u0161anu atsevi\u0161\u0137\u0101 tvertn\u0113 vai rezervu\u0101r\u0101, kur nogulsnes var nos\u0113sties pirms m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu lieto\u0161anas.<\/p>\n

V\u0113rt\u012bga prec\u012bz\u0101s lauksaimniec\u012bbas prakse<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kopum\u0101 t\u0101 ir pier\u0101d\u012bjusi sevi k\u0101 b\u016btisku m\u016bsdienu lauksaimniec\u012bbas sist\u0113mu sast\u0101vda\u013cu, un tai ir bijusi un ar\u012b turpm\u0101k b\u016bs svar\u012bga loma prec\u012bz\u0101s lauksaimniec\u012bbas ievie\u0161anas izplat\u012b\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161ana ar m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem p\u0101rvar tradicion\u0101l\u0101s m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu lieto\u0161anas ierobe\u017eojumus, radot augst\u0101ku kontroles l\u012bmeni p\u0101r prec\u012bziem m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu daudzumiem un \u0101trumiem, k\u0101dos tie tiek ievad\u012bti kult\u016braugiem, un to veic p\u0113c prec\u012bza grafika, nodro\u0161inot augstu bar\u012bbas vielu uz\u0146em\u0161anas l\u012bmeni un minim\u0101lus zudumus.<\/p>\n

\u012apa\u0161i, izmantojot pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113mu, \u0161\u012b prakse iemieso daudzus prec\u012bz\u0101s lauksaimniec\u012bbas pamatus un pal\u012bdz zemes apsaimniekot\u0101jiem pie\u0146emt ekonomiskus un ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgus l\u0113mumus par m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu lieto\u0161anu, kas ne tikai palielina ra\u017eu, bet ar\u012b veicina lauksaimniec\u012bbas darb\u012bbas ilgm\u016b\u017e\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

\n

Bie\u017e\u0101k uzdotie jaut\u0101jumi<\/h2>\n
\n

1. K\u0101 darbojas pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana ir \u016bdeni taupo\u0161a metode, k\u0101 mitrumu tie\u0161i pieg\u0101d\u0101t augu sakn\u0113m. T\u0101 ietver cauru\u013cu vai caurul\u012b\u0161u t\u012bklu ar maziem caurumiem vai izvadiem, kas novietoti augu pamatnes tuvum\u0101. Caur \u0161iem izvadiem \u016bdens pil l\u0113ni un vienm\u0113r\u012bgi, \u013caujot augiem to efekt\u012bvi absorb\u0113t bez zudumiem.<\/p>\n

\u0160\u012b m\u0113r\u0137tiec\u012bg\u0101 pieeja samazina iztvaiko\u0161anu un noteci, vienlaikus maksim\u0101li palielinot \u016bdens absorbciju, veicinot vesel\u012bgu augu aug\u0161anu un samazinot \u016bdens pat\u0113ri\u0146u lauksaimniec\u012bb\u0101 un d\u0101rzos. Pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana nodro\u0161ina, ka augi sa\u0146em pareizo \u016bdens daudzumu, ietaupot resursus un atbalstot ilgtsp\u0113j\u012bgu lauksaimniec\u012bbas praksi.<\/p>\n

2. Ko ra\u017eot\u0101jam \u013cauj paveikt m\u0113slo\u0161ana? Kas tiek izmantots kult\u016braugiem un augsnei, izmantojot \u0161o m\u0113slo\u0161anas metodi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tas \u013cauj ra\u017eot\u0101jiem apvienot ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas un m\u0113slo\u0161anas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas vien\u0101 lieto\u0161anas reiz\u0113.<\/p>\n

Tas \u013cauj tiem pieg\u0101d\u0101t m\u0113slojumu tie\u0161i augu sakn\u0113m caur ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113mu. \u0160\u012b metode nodro\u0161ina, ka augi sa\u0146em nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas tie\u0161i tad, kad t\u0101s ir nepiecie\u0161amas, uzlabojot bar\u012bbas vielu uz\u0146em\u0161anu un veicinot vesel\u012bgu aug\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

Tas ar\u012b nodro\u0161ina lab\u0101ku bar\u012bbas vielu sadal\u012bjuma kontroli, samazina m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu atkritumus un \u013cauj m\u0113r\u0137tiec\u012bgi un efekt\u012bvi p\u0101rvald\u012bt bar\u012bbas vielas, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 palielin\u0101s ra\u017ea un kop\u0113j\u0101 produktivit\u0101te ra\u017eot\u0101jiem.<\/p>\n

3. At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba starp ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anu un m\u0113slo\u0161anu?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana ir process, kur\u0101 augiem tiek pieg\u0101d\u0101ts \u016bdens, lai apmierin\u0101tu to mitruma vajadz\u012bbas. Tas ietver augsnes nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anu ar \u016bdeni, izmantojot da\u017e\u0101das metodes, piem\u0113ram, smidzin\u0101t\u0101jus, appludin\u0101\u0161anas ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anu vai pilienveida sist\u0113mas. Savuk\u0101rt t\u0101 ir m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cu lieto\u0161ana augiem, izmantojot ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161anas sist\u0113mu.<\/p>\n

4. K\u0101 darbojas m\u0113slojums? K\u0101p\u0113c lauksaimnieki izmanto m\u0113slojumu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci ir vielas, ko pievieno augsnei vai augiem, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s bar\u012bbas vielas, kuru var tr\u016bkt dabiskaj\u0101 vid\u0113. M\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci satur koncentr\u0113tu daudzumu svar\u012bgu elementu, piem\u0113ram, sl\u0101pek\u013ca, fosfora un k\u0101lija, kas ir svar\u012bgi augu aug\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

Kad m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus izmanto augsn\u0113 vai augos, tie iz\u0161\u0137\u012bst \u016bden\u012b un atbr\u012bvo \u0161\u012bs bar\u012bbas vielas. Augi absorb\u0113 bar\u012bbas vielas caur sakn\u0113m un izmanto t\u0101s svar\u012bgiem procesiem, piem\u0113ram, fotosint\u0113zei un olbaltumvielu sint\u0113zei, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 aug vesel\u012bg\u0101k un produkt\u012bv\u0101k.<\/p>\n

M\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci pal\u012bdz nov\u0113rst bar\u012bbas vielu tr\u016bkumu, uzlabo augsnes augl\u012bbu un atbalsta sp\u0113c\u012bgu augu att\u012bst\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

5. K\u0101 lauksaimnieki laista savus kult\u016braugus?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lauksaimnieki laista savus kult\u016braugus, izmantojot da\u017e\u0101das metodes atkar\u012bb\u0101 no t\u0101diem faktoriem k\u0101 kult\u016braugu veids, augsnes apst\u0101k\u013ci un \u016bdens pieejam\u012bba. Izplat\u012bt\u0101k\u0101s metodes ir virszemes smidzin\u0101t\u0101ji, vagu ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana, appludin\u0101\u0161anas ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana un pilienveida ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana.<\/p>\n

Virszemes smidzin\u0101t\u0101ji izplata \u016bdeni pa kult\u016braugu plat\u012bbu smalku pilienu veid\u0101, l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 lietusg\u0101z\u0113s. Vagu ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana ietver seklu kan\u0101lu izveidi starp kult\u016braugu rind\u0101m un to piepild\u012b\u0161anu ar \u016bdeni.<\/p>\n

Pl\u016bdu ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana appl\u016bst visu lauku ar \u016bdeni, \u013caujot tam ies\u016bkties augsn\u0113. Pilienu ap\u016bde\u0146o\u0161ana pieg\u0101d\u0101 \u016bdeni tie\u0161i augu sakn\u0113m caur cauru\u013cu vai cauru\u013cu t\u012bklu ar nelieliem izvadiem, samazinot \u016bdens zudumus un palielinot efektivit\u0101ti. Lauksaimnieki izv\u0113las vispiem\u0113rot\u0101ko metodi, pamatojoties uz sav\u0101m \u012bpa\u0161aj\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m un resursiem.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lai gan lauksaimniec\u012bb\u0101 m\u0113slo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci tiek pla\u0161i izmantoti, to tradicion\u0101l\u0101s lieto\u0161anas metodes var b\u016bt iz\u0161\u0137\u0113rd\u012bgas, un ar tiem saist\u012bt\u0101 notece bie\u017ei vien negat\u012bvi ietekm\u0113\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210157960,"featured_media":2376,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","content-type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1380],"tags":[1652],"class_list":["post-2366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whats","tag-fertigation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is fertigation?\ud83d\ude9c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How does the fertigation system work and why it is good to grow crops using this? Let us look at the advantages of fertigation.\ud83c\udf3b\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lv\/emuars\/kas-ir-meslosana-un-ka-ta-darbojas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lv_LV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is fertigation?\ud83d\ude9c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How does the fertigation system work and why it is good to grow crops using this? 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