{"id":5363,"date":"2022-07-11T13:11:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-11T11:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/?p=5363"},"modified":"2026-09-13T10:54:52","modified_gmt":"2026-09-13T08:54:52","slug":"kaip-palydoviniai-vaizdai-padeda-stebeti-paselius","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/blog\/how-satellite-imagery-help-in-crop-monitoring\/","title":{"rendered":"Kaip palydovin\u0117s nuotraukos padeda steb\u0117ti pas\u0117lius"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Palydoviniai vaizdai yra viena i\u0161 universaliausi\u0173 funkcij\u0173, kurias galima \u012fdiegti \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio gamyboje, siekiant pagerinti sprendim\u0173 pri\u0117mimo proces\u0105. Sprendim\u0173 pri\u0117mimas, remiantis dideliu duomen\u0173 kiekiu, gali pad\u0117ti \u016bkininkams, agronomams ar konsultantams suprasti situacij\u0105 ir procesus, vykstan\u010dius stebimuose \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio laukuose.<\/p>\n<h2>Kas yra palydovinis vaizdavimas?<\/h2>\n<p>Palydovinis vaizdavimas, dar \u017einomas kaip palydovinis nuotolinis steb\u0117jimas, yra procesas, kurio metu naudojant palydovinius vaizdus renkama informacija apie \u017dem\u0117s pavir\u0161i\u0173, atmosfer\u0105 ir vandenynus. \u0160i technologija apima <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/audience\/forstudents\/5-8\/features\/nasa-knows\/what-is-a-satellite-58.html\">palydovai<\/a> apr\u016bpintas specialiais jutikliais ir kameromis, galin\u010diomis u\u017efiksuoti didel\u0117s rai\u0161kos \u017dem\u0117s vaizdus i\u0161 kosmoso.<\/p>\n<p>Palydov\u0173 u\u017efiksuoti vaizdai gali b\u016bti naudojami \u012fvairiems tikslams, \u012fskaitant or\u0173 steb\u0117jim\u0105, aplinkos poky\u010di\u0173 sekim\u0105, \u017eem\u0117s naudojimo ir augmenijos \u017eem\u0117lapi\u0173 sudarym\u0105 bei stichini\u0173 nelaimi\u0173 poveikio vertinim\u0105. Jie taip pat gali b\u016bti naudojami kariniais ir \u017evalgybos tikslais.<\/p>\n<p>Palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 gavimas ir jo teikiami privalumai gali sukelti situacij\u0173, kuri\u0173 ne\u012fmanoma pamatyti reguliariai stebint. Reguliar\u016bs steb\u0117jimai gali b\u016bti labai sud\u0117tingi, kalbant apie \u012fdiegtos darbo j\u0117gos kiek\u012f, finansavim\u0105 ir laik\u0105.<\/p>\n<p>Net ir reguliariai stebint augalus augimo laikotarpiu, yra keletas dalyk\u0173, kuri\u0173 plika akimi nematyti, pavyzd\u017eiui, ankstyvas augimo tempas. <a href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/tinklarastis\/kaip-kontroliuoti-paseliu-ligas-taikant-ismanuji-ukininkavima\/\">liga<\/a> ir kenk\u0117j\u0173 padaryt\u0105 \u017eal\u0105, d\u0117l kurios galiausiai l\u0105steli\u0173 lygmenyje suyra chlorofilas.<\/p>\n<p>Integruodami ir apskai\u010diuodami \u017emogaus akiai nematomas spektrines juostas, augintojai ir konsultantai gali lengvai vizualizuoti chlorofilo degradacij\u0105 prie\u0161 pasirei\u0161kiant matomiems lig\u0173 ar kenk\u0117j\u0173 pa\u017eeidimo simptomams ant augal\u0173.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5376\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/blog\/how-satellite-imagery-help-in-crop-monitoring\/73-2-min\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?fit=1920%2C1040&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1040\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-title=\"Multispectral Satellite Imagery\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?fit=1024%2C555&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5376 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?resize=810%2C439&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Daugiaspektriniai palydoviniai vaizdai\" width=\"810\" height=\"439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?resize=1024%2C555&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?resize=300%2C163&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?resize=768%2C416&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?resize=1536%2C832&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?resize=2048%2C1109&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?resize=1200%2C650&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.2-min.jpg?w=1620&amp;ssl=1 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0160ie pas\u0117li\u0173 steb\u0117senos prana\u0161umai yra naudingi naudojant \u0161iuolaikines technologijas, leid\u017eian\u010dias integruoti toki\u0105 informacij\u0105 \u012f geografines informacines sistemas, taip sukuriant greit\u0105 ir kokybi\u0161k\u0105 duomen\u0173 rinkin\u012f, kur\u012f galima naudoti priimant sprendimus d\u0117l \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio gamybos sistem\u0173.<\/p>\n<p>Be informacija pagr\u012fst\u0173 sprendim\u0173 pri\u0117mimo, palydoviniai vaizdai gali b\u016bti naudojami ataskaitoms teikti, \u012fra\u0161ams tvarkyti ir integravimui su skirtingais duomen\u0173 rinkiniais (lig\u0173 ir kenk\u0117j\u0173 modeliais, <a href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/derliaus-duomenys\/\">derliaus \u017eem\u0117lapiai<\/a>, kenk\u0117j\u0173 steb\u0117jimas, tr\u0119\u0161imo \u017eem\u0117lapiai ir kt.), siekiant sukurti dar funkcionalesn\u0119 pas\u0117li\u0173 steb\u0117jimo sistem\u0105 ir b\u016bd\u0105, kaip \u016bkininkas ar kiti specialistai mato pas\u0117li\u0173 progres\u0105 j\u0173 vegetacijos laikotarpiu.<\/p>\n<h2>Kaip palydovin\u0117s nuotraukos naudojamos \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkyje?<\/h2>\n<p>Vaizdai gali b\u016bti naudojami modeliavimui ir spektrini\u0173 indeks\u0173 apskai\u010diavimui, kurie v\u0117liau pritaikomi vizualizavimui spalv\u0173 sintez\u0117s forma \u2013 matomoje spektro dalyje arba \u012ftraukiant kitus bangos ilgius. Tinkamai parinkta spalv\u0173 sintez\u0117 gali atskleisti pas\u0117li\u0173 augim\u0105, stres\u0105 ar dirvo\u017eemio poky\u010dius. <a href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/tinklarastis\/kaip-susidoroti-su-vandens-erozija\/\">erozija<\/a> rodomi skirtingomis spalvomis.<\/p>\n<p>Spektriniai indeksai yra dviej\u0173 ar daugiau bangos ilgi\u0173 spektrinio atspind\u017eio deriniai, skirti parodyti dominan\u010dius po\u017eymius. Pas\u0117li\u0173 indeksai da\u017eniausiai naudojami \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkyje, ta\u010diau jie taip pat naudojami deginam\u0173 plot\u0173, kit\u0173 dirbtini\u0173 savybi\u0173, vandens ir kit\u0173 geologini\u0173 ypatybi\u0173 identifikavimui.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5377\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/blog\/how-satellite-imagery-help-in-crop-monitoring\/73-3-min\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?fit=1920%2C1040&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1040\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-title=\"Hyperspectral Satellite Imagery\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?fit=1024%2C555&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5377 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?resize=810%2C439&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Hiperspektriniai palydoviniai vaizdai\" width=\"810\" height=\"439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?resize=1024%2C555&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?resize=300%2C163&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?resize=768%2C416&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?resize=1536%2C832&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?resize=2048%2C1109&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?resize=1200%2C650&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.3-min.jpg?w=1620&amp;ssl=1 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Naudingi spektriniai indeksai augalininkyst\u0117je apima:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/tinklarastis\/augalijos-indeksas-kaip-jie-naudojami-tiksliojoje-zemdirbysteje\/\">NDVI<\/a> (Normalizuotas diferencinis vegetacijos indeksas).<\/li>\n<li>EVI (pagerintas augmenijos indeksas).<\/li>\n<li>RENDVI arba NDRE (raudon\u0173j\u0173 kra\u0161t\u0173 normalizuotas skirtum\u0173 augmenijos indeksas).<\/li>\n<li>GNDVI (\u017ealiosios normalizuotos diferencin\u0117s augmenijos indeksas).<\/li>\n<li>MSI arba NDWI (dr\u0117gm\u0117s streso indeksas).<\/li>\n<li>LAI (lap\u0173 ploto indeksas).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NDVI yra vienas i\u0161 da\u017eniausiai naudojam\u0173 indeks\u0173 ir da\u017enai naudojamas pradinei pas\u0117li\u0173 b\u016bklei \u012fvertinti. Kiti indeksai veikia su tam tikromis charakteristikomis, tod\u0117l rezultatai yra specifiniai ir susij\u0119 su konkre\u010diomis \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio vietov\u0117mis, svarbu dirbti su sausumos augmenijos istorija.<\/p>\n<h2>NDVI (normalizuotas diferencinis vegetacijos indeksas)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0160is indeksas yra \u017ealios augmenijos matas ir paprastai yra pla\u010diausiai naudojamas indeksas. Lapai atspindi infraraudon\u0105j\u0105 \u0161vies\u0105 (NIR) ir fotosintezei naudoja tik matom\u0105 \u0161vies\u0105. Tai rei\u0161kia, kad sveik\u0105 augal\u0105, kurio fotosintez\u0117s greitis geras, galima analizuoti lyginant NIR su matoma raudona \u0161viesa.<\/p>\n<p>Nesveika augmenija atspind\u0117s daugiau matomos \u0161viesos ir suma\u017eins artim\u0105j\u012f infraraudon\u0173j\u0173 spinduli\u0173 (NIR) kiek\u012f. Sveika augmenija suma\u017eins dal\u012f ant jos krintan\u010dios matomos \u0161viesos. Ta\u010diau NDVI yra jautrus dirvo\u017eemio (\u0161viesos ir spalvos), debesuotumo ir \u0161e\u0161\u0117lio poveikiui. Be to, NDVI vert\u0117s gali b\u016bti neteisingos esant tankiai augmenijai.<\/p>\n<p><strong>EVI (pagerintas augmenijos indeksas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0160is indeksas yra vidutin\u0117s skiriamosios gebos spektr\u0173 standartas \u2013 prietaisas, naudojamas \u201eTerra\u201c ir \u201eAqua\u201c palydovuose. EVI si\u016blo alternatyv\u0105 NDVI, kuri, atsi\u017evelgdama \u012f kai kuriuos jo tr\u016bkumus, pvz., dirvo\u017eemio ir atmosferos apribojimus, optimizuodama lapin\u0117s augmenijos atspind\u0117jim\u0105.<\/p>\n<p>Signalo korekcijai naudojama m\u0117lynoji matomo spektro dalis, suma\u017einant min\u0117t\u0173 apribojim\u0173, \u012fskaitant elektromagnetin\u0117s spinduliuot\u0117s sklaid\u0105 aerozoliais, poveik\u012f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>RENDVI arba NDRE (raudon\u0173j\u0173 kra\u0161t\u0173 normalizuotas skirtum\u0173 augmenijos indeksas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0160is indeksas pagr\u012fstas standartiniu NDVI indeksu, ta\u010diau su pakeitimais. RENDVI yra labai naudingas tiksliojoje \u017eemdirbyst\u0117je, mi\u0161k\u0173 monitoringoje ir pas\u0117li\u0173 streso nustatyme.<\/p>\n<p>Jo efektyvumas pasiekiamas d\u0117l to, kad \u012ftraukiami bangos ilgiai, patenkantys \u012f raudon\u0105j\u0105 galin\u0119 juost\u0105, o ne bangos ilgiai, atitinkantys atspind\u017eio ir sugerties vertes. Tai ypa\u010d patogu aptikti nedidelius augmenijos b\u016bkl\u0117s poky\u010dius.<\/p>\n<p><strong>GNDVI (\u017ealiosios normalizuotos diferencin\u0117s augmenijos indeksas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0160is indeksas yra pana\u0161us \u012f NDVI indeks\u0105 ir matuoja \u0161viesos atspind\u0117jim\u0105 \u017ealiojoje spektro dalyje, kurios bangos ilgi\u0173 diapazonas yra nuo 540 iki 570 nanometr\u0173, o ne raudonojoje spektro dalyje. D\u0117l to indeksas yra jautresnis chlorofilo kiekiui \u017ealiosiose augal\u0173 dalyse.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MSI (dr\u0117gm\u0117s \u012ftempio indeksas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0160is indeksas yra jautrus vandens kiekio padid\u0117jimui lapuose. MSI indeksas naudojamas vandens tr\u016bkumo stresui nustatyti ir yra geras pas\u0117li\u0173 s\u0105lyg\u0173 rodiklis, da\u017enai naudojamas pas\u0117li\u0173 modeliavimui, gaisr\u0173 analizei ir ekosistem\u0173 fiziologijai. Didel\u0117s vert\u0117s rodo vandens stres\u0105 ir ma\u017eesn\u012f vandens kiek\u012f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>LAI (lap\u0173 ploto indeksas)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0160is indeksas naudojamas lap\u0173 plotui \u012fvertinti ir augal\u0173 augimui bei derliui prognozuoti.<\/p>\n<h2>Pas\u0117li\u0173 palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 tipai<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Palydov\u0173 ir technologij\u0173 tiek\u0117jai<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 tipas<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Pakartokite cikl\u0105<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Erdvin\u0117 skiriamoji geba<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Landsat4-9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RGB, DAUGIASPEKTRINIS, PANCHROMATINIS<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">8 dienos<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15, 30, 100 m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sentinel-2,<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RGB, DAUGIASPEKTRINIS<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5 dienos<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10 metr\u0173<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Planetos apimtis<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RGB, DAUGIASPEKTRINIS<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kasdien<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3\u20134 m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Planet SkySat<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Panchromatinis, daugiaspektris<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kasdien<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0,5, 0,71\u20130,82 m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Airbus Plejad\u0117s<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DAUGIASPEKTRINIS<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kasdien<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0,5 m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Teigia NEO<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Panchromatinis, daugiaspektris<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">40 minu\u010di\u0173 po u\u017eklausos<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0,3 m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ICEEYE<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SINTETIN\u0116S APERT\u016aROS RADARAS<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kasdien<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0,25 m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hiperionas<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HIPERSPEKTRALIS<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\/A<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30 metr\u0173<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prizm\u0117<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HIPERSPEKTRALIS<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\/A<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0,3 m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>Palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 naudojimo atvejai<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>\u0160tai keletas svarbi\u0173 palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 panaudojimo pas\u0117li\u0173 steb\u0117jimui pavyzd\u017ei\u0173:<\/p>\n<p><b>Terminiai vaizdai<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pa\u017eemio objekt\u0173 skleid\u017eiam\u0105 \u0161ilum\u0105 galima matyti termin\u0117se oro nuotraukose, kurios taip pat atskleid\u017eia temperat\u016bros svyravimus, atitinkan\u010dius pas\u0117li\u0173 stres\u0105. Nereikaling\u0173 element\u0173, toki\u0173 kaip sukimosi \u012franga, pa\u0161alinimas i\u0161 vaizdo kalibravimo ir vaizdo korekcijos b\u016bdu padeda i\u0161vengti duomen\u0173 i\u0161kraipymo. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Galutiniuose vaizduose v\u0117sesni regionai yra violetiniai, o \u0161iltesni \u2013 geltoni. Terminis vaizdavimas padeda rasti nuot\u0117kius, kam\u0161\u010dius ir kitas dr\u0117kinimo problemas, nes vanduo v\u0117sina augmenij\u0105. Terminis vaizdavimas padeda augintojams nustatyti ikisimptomin\u012f lig\u0173 ir kenk\u0117j\u0173 poveik\u012f bei laiku ir tikslingai \u012f juos reaguoti, atskleid\u017eiant nedidelius lap\u0173 pavir\u0161iaus temperat\u016bros poky\u010dius.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Dirvo\u017eemio dr\u0117gm\u0117<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u017dem\u0117s \u016bkyje b\u016btina atsi\u017evelgti \u012f dirvo\u017eemio dr\u0117gm\u0119. Tiksliojo \u016bkininkavimo taikymams (atskir\u0173 lauk\u0173 mastu) ir tikintis pagerinti pas\u0117li\u0173 derliaus modeliavim\u0105, didel\u0117s skiriamosios gebos dirvo\u017eemio dr\u0117gm\u0117s \u017eem\u0117lapiai yra ypa\u010d svarb\u016bs. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u0117l prastos erdvin\u0117s skiriamosios gebos ir ma\u017eo steb\u0117jim\u0173 gylio, i\u0161 palydov\u0173 gauti dirvo\u017eemio dr\u0117gm\u0117s produktai iki \u0161iol buvo retai naudojami priimant sprendimus \u016bki\u0173 ar lauk\u0173 mastu. Ta\u010diau jei palydov\u0173 gauti dirvo\u017eemio dr\u0117gm\u0117s produktai gali pateikti tinkamus laiko ir erdv\u0117s matmenis, tikimasi, kad jie tur\u0117s didel\u012f potencial\u0105.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Rezoliucija<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Didel\u0117s skiriamosios gebos palydoviniai vaizdai i\u0161 \u017eemos orbitos palydov\u0173 pastaruoju metu tapo labiau i\u0161vystyti ir prieinami, atverdami dar vien\u0105 fenotipavimo taikymo potencial\u0105. \u0160iame straipsnyje iliustruojama, kaip palydovin\u0117 fotografija naudojama augal\u0173 fenotipavimui ir \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio gamyboje, ir nustatomos augal\u0173 savyb\u0117s, kurias galima \u012fvertinti naudojant didel\u0117s skiriamosios gebos palydovinius duomenis. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Straipsnyje aptariami palydovinio fenotipavimo naudojimo augal\u0173 selekcijos programose privalumai ir tr\u016bkumai, tokie kaip debes\u0173 blokavimas. Taip pat nagrin\u0117jamos galimyb\u0117s ateityje naudoti didel\u0117s skiriamosios gebos palydovinius vaizdus kaip fenotipavimo \u012frank\u012f. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Siekiant pad\u0117ti augal\u0173 selekcininkams pasirinkti didelio derlingumo, stres\u0105 atsparias veisles, kurios pad\u0117t\u0173 patenkinti pasaulin\u0119 maisto paklaus\u0105 ir kartu susidoroti su klimato kaita, didel\u0117s skiriamosios gebos palydoviniai vaizdai gali b\u016bti naudojami kaip fenotipavimo priemon\u0117 augal\u0173 veisl\u0117ms \u012fvertinti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5378\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/blog\/how-satellite-imagery-help-in-crop-monitoring\/73-4-min\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?fit=2400%2C1300&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2400,1300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-title=\"Satellite monitoring of crops\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?fit=1024%2C555&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5378 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?resize=810%2C439&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Palydovinis steb\u0117jimas\" width=\"810\" height=\"439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?resize=1024%2C555&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?resize=300%2C163&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?resize=768%2C416&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?resize=1536%2C832&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?resize=2048%2C1109&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?resize=1200%2C650&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/geopard.tech\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/73.4-min.jpg?w=1620&amp;ssl=1 1620w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 taikymas<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/\">GeoPard<\/a> paj\u0117gumus ir<a href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/tinklarastis\/kaip-palydoviniai-vaizdai-padeda-stebeti-paselius\/\"> palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 program\u0117l\u0117s si\u016blo<\/a> vartotojams vizualizuoti, normalizuoti, analizuoti ir gauti \u012f\u017evalg\u0173 tiesiogiai i\u0161 \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio sklyp\u0173, siekiant pagerinti pas\u0117li\u0173 gamyb\u0105. \u0160is duomen\u0173 panaudojimas gali b\u016bti atliekamas naudojant paruo\u0161tus naudoti \u201eGeoPard\u201c algoritmus arba sukuriant savo algoritmus, kad jie b\u016bt\u0173 naudingi agronomijoje. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0160ie algoritmai leid\u017eia \u012fvertinti pas\u0117li\u0173 augim\u0105, stres\u0105 ir kt. (\u017er. nuotrauk\u0105) arba netgi sukurti paskirtuosius \u017eem\u0117lapius: pavyzd\u017eiui, azoto VR taikymo \u017eem\u0117lapius, augal\u0173 apsaugos pur\u0161kimo taikymo \u017eem\u0117lapius.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Da\u017enai u\u017eduodami klausimai<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>1. Kaip gauti \u016bkio palydovinius vaizdus?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nor\u0117dami gauti \u0161i\u0105 informacij\u0105 savo \u016bkiui, i\u0161tirkite paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jus, u\u017esiregistruokite ir prisijunkite prie j\u0173 duomen\u0173 baz\u0117s arba portalo. Nurodykite savo \u016bkio viet\u0105 ir pageidaujamus parametrus, kad gautum\u0117te atitinkamus vaizdus \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio steb\u0117senai.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Kod\u0117l palydoviniai vaizdai yra naudingi norint suprasti mitybos tinklus?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tai padeda suprasti mitybos tinklus, nes leid\u017eia pateikti plat\u0173 ir i\u0161sam\u0173 ekosistem\u0173 vaizd\u0105. U\u017efiksuojant didelio masto sausumos ir vandens telkini\u0173 vaizdus, mokslininkai gali steb\u0117ti ir analizuoti \u012fvairi\u0173 buveini\u0173 ir i\u0161tekli\u0173 erdvin\u012f pasiskirstym\u0105.<\/p>\n<p>Tai, savo ruo\u017etu, padeda tirti skirting\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 s\u0105veik\u0105, nustatyti pagrindinius maitinimosi ry\u0161ius ir suprasti energijos sraut\u0105 per mitybos tinklus.<\/p>\n<p>Tai padeda i\u0161ai\u0161kinti sud\u0117ting\u0105 ekologin\u0119 dinamik\u0105, prisidedant prie gilesnio ekosistem\u0173 funkcionavimo ir i\u0161saugojimo pastang\u0173 supratimo.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Kiek kainuoja palydovin\u0117s nuotraukos?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jo kaina priklauso nuo keli\u0173 veiksni\u0173. Tai apima tiek\u0117j\u0105, skiriam\u0105j\u0105 geb\u0105, duomen\u0173 gavimo da\u017enum\u0105 ir reikiam\u0105 apr\u0117pties mast\u0105. Kainos gali svyruoti nuo prieinam\u0173 variant\u0173, skirt\u0173 ma\u017eos skiriamosios gebos vaizdams, iki brangesni\u0173 variant\u0173, skirt\u0173 didel\u0117s skiriamosios gebos ir steb\u0117jimo realiuoju laiku.<\/p>\n<p>Be to, specializuotos paslaugos arba individual\u016bs duomen\u0173 pra\u0161ymai gali b\u016bti apmokestinti papildomai. Patartina i\u0161tirti skirtingus tiek\u0117jus ir j\u0173 kainodaros modelius, kad rastum\u0117te palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 sprendim\u0105, atitinkant\u012f j\u016bs\u0173 konkre\u010dius reikalavimus ir biud\u017eet\u0105.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Kas yra infraraudon\u0173j\u0173 spinduli\u0173 palydoviniai vaizdai? Kaip juos skaityti?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jis fiksuoja \u017dem\u0117s pavir\u0161iaus objekt\u0173 ir pavir\u0161i\u0173 skleid\u017eiam\u0105 infraraudon\u0105j\u0105 spinduliuot\u0119. Tai suteikia verting\u0173 \u012f\u017evalg\u0173 apie temperat\u016bros svyravimus ir terminius modelius.<\/p>\n<p>Norint skaityti infraraudon\u0173j\u0173 spinduli\u0173 palydov\u0173 vaizdus, reikia suprasti, kad \u0161iltesni objektai vaizde atrodo ry\u0161kesni, o v\u0117sesni \u2013 tamsesni. Analizuojant \u0161iuos temperat\u016bros svyravimus, galima \u012fvertinti debes\u0173 darinius, nustatyti sausumos ir vandens temperat\u016bros skirtumus, aptikti gaisrus mi\u0161kuose ir net steb\u0117ti vandenyn\u0173 sroves.<\/p>\n<p>Spalv\u0173 skal\u0117s supratimas ir vaizd\u0173 ry\u0161kumo lygi\u0173 interpretavimas padeda i\u0161 infraraudon\u0173j\u0173 spinduli\u0173 palydovini\u0173 vaizd\u0173 i\u0161gauti prasming\u0105 informacij\u0105.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Palydoviniai vaizdai yra viena i\u0161 universaliausi\u0173 funkcij\u0173, kurias galima \u012fdiegti \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio gamyboje, siekiant pagerinti sprendim\u0173 pri\u0117mimo proces\u0105. Priimant sprendimus,\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210157960,"featured_media":5375,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","content-type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1661,1380],"tags":[1599],"class_list":["post-5363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-satellite-imagery","category-whats","tag-remote-sensing"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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