{"id":4788,"date":"2022-05-25T09:35:26","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T07:35:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/?p=4788"},"modified":"2023-08-11T17:33:47","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T15:33:47","slug":"kodel-azoto-panaudojimo-efektyvumas-yra-svarbus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/blog\/why-nitrogen-use-efficiency-is-important\/","title":{"rendered":"Kod\u0117l azoto naudojimo efektyvumas yra svarbus?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Azoto naudojimo efektyvumo s\u0105voka \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio moksliniuose tyrimuose pla\u010diai naudojama de\u0161imtme\u010dius. ANE da\u017enai apib\u016bdinama kaip pas\u0117li\u0173 derliaus ir panaudoto ar augal\u0173 \u012fsisavinto azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiekio santykis.<\/p>\n

Kas yra azoto panaudojimo efektyvumas?<\/h2>\n

Azoto naudojimo efektyvumas (ANE) yra terminas, naudojamas apib\u016bdinti augalo efektyvum\u0105 naudojant prid\u0117tin\u012f arba fiksuot\u0105 azot\u0105 biomas\u0117s gamybai. Jis toliau apibr\u0117\u017eiamas kaip pas\u0117li\u0173 derliaus ir i\u0161 dirvo\u017eemio per \u0161aknis arba i\u0161 atmosferos per bakterij\u0173 fiksacij\u0105 absorbuoto azoto kiekio santykis.<\/p>\n

NUE yra svarbi savyb\u0117 selekcijos programose, kurios tikslas yra padidinti pas\u0117li\u0173 derli\u0173, kartu ma\u017einant s\u0105naudas, tokias kaip tr\u0105\u0161os, ir tuo pa\u010diu i\u0161laikant azot\u0105 aplinkoje. Tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 naudojimo ma\u017einimas lemt\u0173 ma\u017eesnes \u0161iltnamio efekt\u0105 sukelian\u010di\u0173 duj\u0173 emisijas ir ma\u017eesn\u012f nitrat\u0173 i\u0161plovim\u0105 \u012f gruntinius ir pavir\u0161inius vandenis.<\/p>\n

Didinant NAZ, galima suma\u017einti \u016bkinink\u0173 i\u0161laidas tr\u0105\u0161oms ir padidinti pajamas. Didelis azoto naudojimo efektyvumas rei\u0161kia, kad augalas pasisavina didesn\u0119 dal\u012f panaudoto azoto, o tai teigiamai veikia ir aplink\u0105, ir \u016bkinink\u0173 pajamas.<\/p>\n

Be to, tai azoto (N) kiekio, kur\u012f sunaudojo pas\u0117liai, palyginti su \u012f j\u012f \u012fterptu kiekiu, matas. Tai svarbus pas\u0117li\u0173 gamybos aplinkos tvarumo ir ekonominio efektyvumo rodiklis, nes jis parodo N suvartojimo ir pas\u0117li\u0173 derliaus santyk\u012f.<\/p>\n

Azoto naudojimo efektyvumas, siekiantis 50%, rei\u0161kia, kad pus\u0117 panaudoto azoto liko augaluose pasibaigus augimui.<\/p>\n

Pavyzd\u017eiui, jei turite 100 svar\u0173 N tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kukur\u016bz\u0173 gamybai ir visas jas panaudojate i\u0161kart prie\u0161 s\u0117j\u0105, ta\u010diau per vegetacijos sezon\u0105 augalai pasisavina tik 70 svar\u0173, j\u016bs\u0173 agronomizuotas NUE yra 70%. Tai rei\u0161kia, kad 30 svar\u0173 buvo prarasta aplinkai d\u0117l denitrifikacijos ir i\u0161plovimo.<\/p>\n

Tai gali b\u016bti i\u0161reik\u0161ta procentais (pvz., 50%) arba santykiu (pvz., 1:1). Abiem atvejais vienetai yra lyg\u016bs mas\u0117s vienetams, tokiems kaip svarai u\u017e akr\u0105 (lb\/acre), kilogramai u\u017e hektar\u0105 (kg\/ha) arba gramai u\u017e kvadratin\u012f metr\u0105 (g\/m\u00b2).<\/p>\n

Didelis agrarinis NAU rei\u0161kia didesn\u012f pas\u0117li\u0173 panaudojim\u0105 azoto normos \u2013 tai pageidautina pelno mar\u017eoms, aplinkosaugos problemoms ir tvarumui. Gali b\u016bti painu bandyti suprasti skirtum\u0105 tarp maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 naudojimo efektyvumo ir agrarinio azoto naudojimo efektyvumo (NAU). I\u0161 esm\u0117s, maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 naudojimo efektyvumas gali b\u016bti apibr\u0117\u017eiamas kaip bet koks matas, kaip gerai augalas naudoja maistines med\u017eiagas.<\/p>\n

Tai yra jo dalis, kuri susijusi su tik\u0117tinu pas\u0117li\u0173 derliaus padid\u0117jimu, kai \u016bkininkai taiko papildomas azoto tr\u0105\u0161as. Koncentracija \u012f pas\u0117li\u0173 derli\u0173 skiria agronominius NaNa efektyvum\u0105 nuo kit\u0173 augal\u0173 maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 \u012fsisavinimo matavim\u0173.<\/p>\n

Jis naudoja santyk\u012f tarp pagaminto gr\u016bd\u0173 (arba padid\u0117jusio gr\u016bd\u0173 derliaus) ir panaudoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiekio. Pavyzd\u017eiui, jei panaudojate 200 svar\u0173\/akrui azoto ir gaunate 50 bu\u0161eli\u0173 didesn\u012f kukur\u016bz\u0173 derli\u0173, j\u016bs\u0173 agronomijos tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 panaudojimo efektyvumas (NUE) bus toks: 200 svar\u0173\/akrui \/ 50 bu\u0161eli\u0173\/akrui = 4 svarai gr\u016bd\u0173 u\u017e svar\u0105 panaudoto azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173.<\/p>\n

Tai yra pagrindinis parametras, apib\u016bdinantis agrarin\u0117s ekosistemos azoto (N) balans\u0105. Taigi, jis gali b\u016bti naudojamas pas\u0117li\u0173 sistemos tvarumui vertinti ir azoto valdymo praktikai nustatyti.<\/p>\n

Agronominis NAUI yra pas\u0117li\u0173 azoto (CropNUptake) panaudojimo ir pas\u0117liams panaudoto azoto (FertilizerN + ManureN + BiologicalNfixation) santykis. Tai galima i\u0161reik\u0161ti taip: AgronominisNAUI = CropNUptake \/ FertilizerN + ManureN + BiologicalNfixation<\/p>\n

Pavyzd\u017eiui, jei \u016bkininkas kvie\u010di\u0173 pas\u0117liams i\u0161pur\u0161kia 100 kg\/ha azoto (N) tr\u0105\u0161\u0173, o derliaus nu\u0117mimo metu gr\u016bduose atgaunama 30 kg\/ha azoto (N), tuomet Agronominis NAUB = 0,30.<\/p>\n

Tai suteikia mat\u0105 vis\u0173 galim\u0173 azoto (N) tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 efektyvumui augal\u0173 derliaus gavimo srityje, taip pat suteikia galimyb\u0119 lyginti ir prie\u0161pastatyti skirtingas azoto (N) valdymo strategijas.<\/p>\n

Agronomin\u0117 azoto panaudojimo efektyvumo (NUE) s\u0105voka apibr\u0117\u017eiama kaip pas\u0117li\u0173 biomas\u0117s santykis su vienu tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 azoto vienetu, panaudotu ar atgautu, arba bendru fiksuoto ank\u0161tini\u0173 augal\u0173 azoto kiekiu.<\/p>\n

Agronominis GPN = Pas\u0117li\u0173 biomas\u0117 \/ Bendri augalui prieinami N kiekiai<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Tai taikomo azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 dalis, kuri pasisavinama tiksliniame pas\u0117lyje. Ideali, retai pasiekiama efektyvumas b\u016bt\u0173 100%, rei\u0161kianti, kad visas panaudotas azotas yra pasisavinamas pas\u0117lyje.<\/p>\n

Terminas agronominiu netur\u0117t\u0173 reik\u0161ti \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio praktikos, bet fakti\u0161k\u0105 azoto kiek\u012f, kur\u012f naudoja pas\u0117liai. Tai gali b\u016bti ma\u017eiau nei fakti\u0161kai buvo panaudota ar tiekiama ir gali atsirasti d\u0117l \u012fvairi\u0173 veiksni\u0173, toki\u0173 kaip praradimai d\u0117l i\u0161plovimo ar denitrifikacijos, arba tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 azoto imobilizavimo dirvo\u017eemyje esan\u010di\u0173 mikroorganizm\u0173.<\/p>\n

NUE svarba<\/h2>\n

Azoto panaudojimo efektyvumas dirvo\u017eemyje yra svarbus d\u0117l keli\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173. \u0160tai keletas j\u0173:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Tai suma\u017eina ekonominius nuostolius d\u0117l ma\u017eo derliaus ir prastos kokyb\u0117s.<\/li>\n
  2. Tai pagerina darn\u0173j\u012f gamtos i\u0161tekli\u0173 naudojim\u0105.<\/li>\n
  3. Tai ma\u017eina azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 tar\u0161\u0105.<\/li>\n
  4. Ma\u017eesn\u0117s i\u0161laidos susijusios su ma\u017eesnio, bet pakankamo azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiekio panaudojimu pas\u0117li\u0173 derliaus tikslams pasiekti.<\/li>\n
  5. Ma\u017eesnis poveikis aplinkai, ypa\u010d vandens kokybei, d\u0117l suma\u017e\u0117jusio azoto i\u0161plovimo ir laki\u0173j\u0173 nuostoli\u0173.<\/li>\n
  6. Did higher protein content in grain crops. This can increase the economic value of grain and improve the animal's ability to convert feed into meat or milk.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Kaip apskai\u010diuoti azoto naudojimo efektyvum\u0105<\/h2>\n

    NUE apskai\u010diuojama naudojant \u0161i\u0105 formul\u0119:<\/p>\n

    NUE lygtis gaunama padalijus gr\u016bd\u0173 derli\u0173 i\u0161 bendro pas\u0117liui prieinamo N kiekio.<\/p>\n

    gr\/ha gr\u016bd\u0173 derlius (pas\u0117li\u0173 sausoji mas\u0117) \u00f7 gr\/ha panaudotas N.<\/p>\n

    \"Kaip<\/p>\n

    Pavyzd\u017eiui, tarkime, kad kvie\u010di\u0173 derlius yra 3,5 t\/ha, o bendras azoto kiekis jame yra 0,24%. Tod\u0117l i\u0161matuotas azoto kiekis gr\u016bduose yra:<\/p>\n

    3,5 \u00d7 0,24% = 8,4 kg\/ha.<\/p>\n

    Jei pas\u0117liui buvo patiekiama 100 kg\/ha azoto (\u012fskaitant dirvo\u017eemio mineralizacij\u0105), tuomet pas\u0117lio azoto panaudojimo efektyvumas (NUE) yra 8,4%.<\/p>\n

    Kaip padidinti azoto naudojimo efektyvum\u0105<\/h2>\n

    \u0160tai keletas b\u016bd\u0173, kuriais \u016bkininkai gali j\u012f pagerinti:<\/p>\n

    1<\/strong>. Galite j\u012f pagerinti pasirinkdami tinkam\u0105 tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 tip\u0105. Ekologin\u0117s tr\u0105\u0161os<\/a> yra puik\u016bs. Kai \u0161ios organin\u0117s tr\u0105\u0161os patenka \u012f dirvo\u017eem\u012f, jos l\u0117tai atpalaiduoja maistines med\u017eiagas dirvo\u017eemyje esan\u010di\u0173 mikrob\u0173 pagalba ir taip padidina tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 panaudojimo efektyvum\u0105.<\/p>\n

    2<\/strong>. Tinkamais auginimo metodais.<\/p>\n

    3<\/strong>. Tinkam\u0173 veisli\u0173 sodinimas.<\/p>\n

    4<\/strong>. Tinkamo tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiekio ir tinkamo laiko taikymas. Tr\u0105\u0161as, siekiant kuo labiau i\u0161vengti pas\u0117li\u0173 eikvojimo, reik\u0117t\u0173 d\u0117ti prie\u0161 s\u0117j\u0105 arba, jei \u012fmanoma, s\u0117jant.<\/p>\n

    5.<\/strong> J\u012f galima pagerinti ir atliekant s\u0117jomain\u0105 ir pyrim\u0117liai augalai<\/a>. Naudojamos kartu, \u0161ios praktikos gali pad\u0117ti suma\u017einti tradicinio \u016bkininkavimo neigiam\u0105 poveik\u012f aplinkai, kai \u016bkininkai naudoja perteklin\u012f azot\u0105, kad u\u017etikrint\u0173, jog visos augalams pakakt\u0173 azoto.<\/p>\n

    Tradicinis tinkam\u0173 azoto kieki\u0173 taikymo metodas yra brangus ir neefektyvus. \u017diemken\u010diai ir s\u0117jomainos gali pad\u0117ti suma\u017einti \u0161ias i\u0161laidas, pagerinant j\u016bs\u0173 lauk\u0173 azoto panaudojimo efektyvum\u0105 (NUE), o tai rei\u0161kia, kad gal\u0117site pagaminti daugiau ma\u017eiau azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 taikydami.<\/p>\n

    Kalbant apie pas\u0117li\u0173 kait\u0105, atminkite, kad ne visos rotacijos yra vienodos. Kai kurios rotacijos gali suma\u017einti NAE, palyginti su tiesiogine kukur\u016bz\u0173 ir soj\u0173 auginimo rotacija. Pavyzd\u017eiui, kukur\u016bz\u0173 auginimas po soj\u0173 paprastai pagerins NAE, palyginti su soj\u0173 auginimu po kukur\u016bz\u0173.<\/p>\n

    \u017doliniai pas\u0117liai padidina azoto naudojimo efektyvum\u0105 (NUE), nes jie \u012fsisavina azot\u0105 i\u0161 dirvo\u017eemio; \u0161is procesas vadinamas imobilizacija. Azoto imobilizacija vyksta, kai mikroorganizmai naudoja organinius azoto \u0161altinius dirvo\u017eemyje ir paver\u010dia juos naujais gyvais audiniais (mikroorganizmais).<\/p>\n

    Mikroorganizmai tada \u017e\u016bsta ir i\u0161laisvina \u0161\u012f azoto kiek\u012f atgal \u012f dirvo\u017eem\u012f, kad j\u012f gal\u0117t\u0173 panaudoti augalai. Ta\u010diau \u017eieminiai augalai reikalauja prie\u017ei\u016bros, \u012fskaitant tinkamus sunaikinimo metodus ir terminus.<\/p>\n

    Kaip \u201eGeoPard\u201c gali pad\u0117ti padidinti azoto naudojimo efektyvum\u0105?<\/h2>\n

    GeoPard yra tikslioji \u017eemdirbyst\u0117<\/a> suteikia \u016bkininkams reikiamus duomenis ir informacij\u0105, kad jie gal\u0117t\u0173 efektyviau auginti pas\u0117lius. \u201eGeoPard\u201c pateikia augalui b\u016bdingas \u012f\u017evalgas apie kiekvieno lauko derliaus potencial\u0105 ir dirvo\u017eemio azoto, kalio bei fosforo b\u016bkl\u0119. Toliau pateikiami b\u016bdai, kuriais \u201eGeoPard\u201c padeda j\u012f padidinti:<\/p>\n

    Jie suteikia vis\u0105 skai\u010diavimo cikl\u0105 (kiek azoto jau yra dirvo\u017eemyje, kiek jo reikia prid\u0117ti, kiek jo lieka sezono pabaigoje) ir planuoja kit\u0105 sezon\u0105.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    GeoPard padeda padidinti tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 panaudojimo efektyvum\u0105 (NUE), teikdamas tikslias rekomendacijas, kiek ir kada tr\u0119\u0161ti. Tai padeda \u016bkininkams suma\u017einti tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiek\u012f, nepakenkiant pas\u0117li\u0173 derliui. Tai rei\u0161kia, kad \u016bkininkai i\u0161leis ma\u017eiau pinig\u0173 tr\u0105\u0161oms ir kartu suma\u017eins aplinkos tar\u0161\u0105.<\/p>\n

    \u201eGeoPard\u201c rekomenduoja tikslius tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiekius, kurie tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti naudojami, atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f dirvo\u017eemio ypatybes, istorinius or\u0173 duomenis (kiek vandens bus prarasta per evatranspiracij\u0105) ir dabartinius or\u0173 duomenis (kurie gali b\u016bti naudojami prognozuojant, kada atsiras tinkamas laikas rekomenduojamam kiekiui taikyti).<\/p>\n

    2. Jie atlieka analiz\u0119, remdamiesi informacin\u0117mis grafik\u0117mis (Duomenys i\u0161 ma\u0161in\u0173 (tr\u0119\u0161imo, s\u0117jos, derliaus, baltym\u0173 kiekio taikymas pagal faktin\u012f lauk\u0105))<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Svarbiausias \u201eGeoPard\u201c aspektas yra jo geb\u0117jimas analizuoti informacij\u0105 patogiai vartotojui. \u0160i sistema pateikia duomenis lengvai suprantamu b\u016bdu, leid\u017eian\u010diu priimti geresnius sprendimus ateityje. \u201eGeoPard\u201c surinkta informacija apima: tr\u0119\u0161imo vykdymo, pasodinim\u0173, derliaus ir baltym\u0173 duomenis.<\/p>\n

    \u0160i informacija renkama naudojant technin\u0119 \u012frang\u0105 ir paprast\u0105 proces\u0105, \u016bkininkui pateikiant visus svarbiausius duomenis vienoje vietoje. \u0160ie duomenys v\u0117liau gali b\u016bti naudojami priimant svarbius sprendimus d\u0117l to, k\u0105 reikia padaryti, siekiant pagerinti azoto naudojimo efektyvum\u0105 jo \u016bkyje.<\/p>\n

    3. Jie pateikia analiz\u0119 (lygtys, kaip apskai\u010diuoti N pasisavinim\u0105 kiekviename kvadratiniame metre)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Viena pagrindini\u0173 \u201eGeoPard\u201c pas\u0117li\u0173 valdymo sistemos privalum\u0173 yra tai, kad ji suteikia augintojams veiksming\u0105 priemon\u0119 pas\u0117li\u0173 augimui suprasti ir analizuoti. \u201eGeoPard\u201c pas\u0117li\u0173 valdymo sistema naudoja pa\u017eangi\u0105 analiz\u0119, kad pad\u0117t\u0173 augintojams spr\u0119sti j\u0173 nauj\u0173 tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 naudojimo efektyvumo (NUE) klausimus.<\/p>\n

    Sistema teikia analitik\u0105 kiekvienam kvadratiniam metrui, leid\u017eian\u010di\u0105 augintojams suprasti reikiam\u0105 azoto kiek\u012f kiekvienai zonai. Naudodami \u0161i\u0105 informacij\u0105, augintojai gali i\u0161vengti per didelio tr\u0119\u0161imo ir sutaupyti pinig\u0173, minimalizuodami tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 s\u0105naudas.<\/p>\n

    Analitika pateikiama paprasta forma: lygtys, kurios nurodo, kiek azoto jums reikia kiekvienam kvadratiniam metrui.<\/p>\n

    4. Jie sudaro agrarninius kitam sezonui planus, remdamiesi tiksliais duomenimis ir \u201eGeoPard\u201c modeliavimu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    GeoPard suteikia gyvybi\u0161kai svarbios informacijos apie kiekvien\u0105 lauko dal\u012f ir nubrai\u017eo \u017eem\u0117lapius, kuriuose labiausiai reikia azoto. Remdamiesi \u0161ia informacija, augintojai gali suplanuoti, kiek tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 paskirti konkre\u010dioms lauko dalims, taip sutaupydami laiko, pinig\u0173 ir i\u0161tekli\u0173.<\/p>\n

    Tai pas\u0117li\u0173 azoto pasisavinimo ir panaudoto azoto santykis. Tai yra pagrindinis pas\u0117li\u0173 produktyvumo ir pelningumo veiksnys bei svarbus tvarios \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s praktikos rodiklis.<\/p>\n

    Kuo ma\u017eiau azoto sunaudos augalas, tuo efektyvesnis jis bus laikomas. Be to, azoto panaudojimo efektyvum\u0105 (NUE) lemia daugyb\u0117 veiksni\u0173, \u012fskaitant dirvo\u017eemio savybes, valdymo praktik\u0105 ir aplinkos s\u0105lygas.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Da\u017enai u\u017eduodami klausimai<\/h2>\n
    \n

    1. Kokie yra didesnio azoto panaudojimo efektyvumo privalumai?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Didinimas suteikia kelet\u0105 privalum\u0173. Jis didina pas\u0117li\u0173 produktyvum\u0105, ma\u017eina poveik\u012f aplinkai, taupo i\u0161laidas ir skatina tvar\u0173 \u017eem\u0117s \u016bk\u012f.<\/p>\n

    Efektyvus azoto naudojimas u\u017etikrina optimal\u0173 augal\u0173 augim\u0105, suma\u017eina azoto i\u0161plovim\u0105 ir \u0161iltnamio efekt\u0105 sukelian\u010di\u0173 duj\u0173 i\u0161metim\u0105, suma\u017eina s\u0105naudas ir palaiko ilgalaik\u012f dirvo\u017eemio derlingum\u0105. Pirmenyb\u0119 teikdami \u0161iam aspektui, \u016bkininkai gali pasiekti geresni\u0173 derli\u0173, apsaugoti aplink\u0105, sutaupyti pinig\u0173 ir prisid\u0117ti prie tvaraus \u016bkininkavimo.<\/p>\n

    2. Kiek tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kvadratiniam metrui?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiekis kvadratiniam metrui skiriasi priklausomai nuo pas\u0117li\u0173, dirvo\u017eemio s\u0105lyg\u0173 ir maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 poreikio. Geriausia atlikti dirvo\u017eemio tyrim\u0105, kad b\u016bt\u0173 nustatytos specifin\u0117s tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 rekomendacijos optimaliam augal\u0173 augimui. Dirvo\u017eemio tyrimas suteikia tiksli\u0105 informacij\u0105, leid\u017eian\u010di\u0105 nustatyti tinkam\u0105 tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 kiek\u012f, kuris tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti naudojamas kvadratiniam metrui, u\u017etikrinant efektyv\u0173 maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 tiekim\u0105 augalams.<\/p>\n

    3. Kokios yra dvi strategijos azoto panaudojimo efektyvumui didinti?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Yra dvi veiksmingos strategijos didinant NUE:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Split Application<\/strong>Azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 panaudojimo padalijimas \u012f kelias dozes per vis\u0105 vegetacijos laikotarp\u012f leid\u017eia geriau suderinti augal\u0173 poreikius ir maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 prieinamum\u0105. \u0160is metodas suma\u017eina azoto i\u0161plovim\u0105 ir u\u017etikrina, kad augalai gaut\u0173 azot\u0105 tada, kai jo jiems reikia labiausiai.<\/li>\n
    • Patobulintas Maistini\u0173 Med\u017eiag\u0173 Valdymas<\/strong>: \u012egyvendinant tikslinio maisting\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 valdymo praktik\u0105, toki\u0105 kaip specifini\u0173 vietovi\u0173 taikymo metodai ir tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 norm\u0173 koregavimas pagal dirvo\u017eemio ir augal\u0173 poreikius, galima \u017eymiai pagerinti. Pritaik\u0119 maisting\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 \u012fvedim\u0105 specifin\u0117ms lauko vietoms ar zonoms, \u016bkininkai gali optimizuoti tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 naudojim\u0105 ir suma\u017einti maisting\u0173j\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 \u0161vaistym\u0105.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0160ios strategijos padeda padidinti azoto tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 efektyvum\u0105, suma\u017einti poveik\u012f aplinkai ir pagerinti pas\u0117li\u0173 produktyvum\u0105, i\u0161laikant tvari\u0105 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s praktik\u0105.<\/p>\n

      4. Kuris augalas efektyviausiai naudoja azot\u0105?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Tarp \u012fvairi\u0173 pas\u0117li\u0173, ank\u0161tiniai augalai laikomi efektyviausiais azoto naudotojais. Ank\u0161tiniai augalai.<\/p>\n

      Tai leid\u017eia jiems \u012fsisavinti azot\u0105 tiesiogiai i\u0161 atmosferos, ma\u017einant j\u0173 priklausomyb\u0119 nuo i\u0161orini\u0173 azoto \u0161altini\u0173, toki\u0173 kaip tr\u0105\u0161os. D\u0117l to ank\u0161tiniai augalai pasi\u017eymi didesniu azoto panaudojimo efektyvumu ir gali prisid\u0117ti azoto prie dirvo\u017eemio, o tai naudinga v\u0117lesniems pas\u0117liams auginimo sistemoje.<\/p>\n

      5. Kiek azoto reikia kvie\u010diams vienam arui?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Kvie\u010di\u0173 azoto poreikis vienam akrui svyruoja priklausomai nuo daugelio veiksni\u0173, \u012fskaitant dirvo\u017eemio derlingum\u0105, aplinkos s\u0105lygas ir konkret\u0173 kvie\u010di\u0173 derliaus augimo etap\u0105. Vidutini\u0161kai kvie\u010diams paprastai reikia ma\u017edaug 100\u2013150 svar\u0173 azoto vienam akrui.<\/p>\n

      Kiek vandens reikia hektarui kvie\u010di\u0173?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Kvie\u010di\u0173 vandens poreikiai vienam akrui priklauso nuo \u012fvairi\u0173 veiksni\u0173, \u012fskaitant klimat\u0105, dirvo\u017eemio tip\u0105 ir pas\u0117li\u0173 augimo stadij\u0105. Vidutini\u0161kai kvie\u010diams vis\u0105 auginimo sezon\u0105 reikia ma\u017edaug 20\u201330 coli\u0173 vandens. Ta\u010diau b\u016btina atsi\u017evelgti \u012f specifinius auginam\u0173 kvie\u010di\u0173 veisl\u0117s vandens poreikius ir reguliariai steb\u0117ti dirvo\u017eemio dr\u0117gm\u0117s lyg\u012f.<\/p>\n

      7. Kiek tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 vienam hektarui kvie\u010di\u0173?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Kaip bendra taisykl\u0117, kvie\u010di\u0173 pas\u0117liams paprastai reikia apie 100\u2013150 svar\u0173 azoto (apie 45\u201368 kg) vienam akrui (apie 0,4 ha). Fosforo ir kalio poreikiai skiriasi priklausomai nuo dirvo\u017eemio tyrim\u0173 rezultat\u0173, ta\u010diau da\u017eniausiai rekomenduojama vienam akrui (apie 0,4 ha) paskirti ma\u017edaug 50\u201380 svar\u0173 fosforo (apie 23\u201336 kg) ir 40\u201360 svar\u0173 kalio (apie 18\u201327 kg).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Azoto panaudojimo efektyvumo s\u0105voka \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio tyrimuose pla\u010diai vartojama jau de\u0161imtme\u010dius. Azoto panaudojimo efektyvumas da\u017enai apib\u016bdinamas kaip pas\u0117li\u0173 derliaus ir\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210157960,"featured_media":4790,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","content-type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1380],"tags":[1637],"class_list":["post-4788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whats","tag-plant-protection"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is agronomic nitrogen use efficiency?\ud83c\udf8d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is ratio of crop nitrogen uptake to the amount of nitrogen applied. 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