{"id":4466,"date":"2022-04-27T18:00:26","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T16:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/?p=4466"},"modified":"2023-08-11T17:17:58","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T15:17:58","slug":"terasyngalves-ukininkavimo-pavyzdziai-sistemos-privalumai-ir-trukumai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/lt\/blog\/terrace-farming-examples-systems-advantages-and-disadvantages\/","title":{"rendered":"Terasin\u0117 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117: pavyzd\u017eiai, sistemos, privalumai ir tr\u016bkumai"},"content":{"rendered":"

Terasy - tai tradicinis ir i\u0161radingas b\u016bdas auginti pas\u0117lius sta\u010diuose kalvotuose \u0161laituose, \u012frengiant nuoseklius plok\u0161\u010dius pavir\u0161ius i\u0161ilgai \u0161laito, pana\u0161ius \u012f laiptus. D\u0117l to jos kartais dar vadinamos laipt\u0173 \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkiu.<\/p>\n

B\u016btinyb\u0117 keisti vis\u0105 dideli\u0173 kalv\u0173 kra\u0161tovaizd\u012f ir formuoti terasas, kas be abejon\u0117s yra labai daug darbo reikalaujantis procesas, vis\u0173 pirma kyla d\u0117l to, kad kalvotuose \u0161laituose vanduo, palyginti su plok\u0161\u010diu kra\u0161tovaizd\u017eiu, teka \u017eemyn labai dideliu grei\u010diu.<\/p>\n

Terasin\u0117 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117 sukelia rimt\u0173 \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio problem\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, dirvo\u017eemio vandens sulaikymo paj\u0117gumai yra labai riboti, dirvo\u017eemio erozija<\/a> pa\u016bm\u0117ja, dirvo\u017eemio dalel\u0117s ir maistingosios med\u017eiagos nuplaukia \u0161laitu \u017eemyn \u012f upes ir yra nune\u0161amos, o esant stipriam lietui gali kilti nuo\u0161liau\u017eos ir purvo nuo\u0161liau\u017eos, jei n\u0117ra med\u017ei\u0173, kurie buvo nukirsti, siekiant atlaisvinti vietos \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkiui.<\/p>\n

Terasavimo \u012frengimas i\u0161sprend\u017eia visas \u0161ias problemas, nes \u017eem\u0117 tampa stabilesn\u0117, ma\u017eiau jautri erozijai, vanduo sulaikomas pylimais, o vandens srautai kontroliuojami kiekvieno terasos lygmens drena\u017eais, kurie vanden\u012f nune\u0161a \u012f tiesiai \u017eemiau esan\u010di\u0105.<\/p>\n

Teras\u0173 dydis skiriasi priklausomai nuo kra\u0161tovaizd\u017eio, ta\u010diau paprastai siekia nuo (dviej\u0173 trij\u0173) metr\u0173 plo\u010dio iki (penkiasde\u0161imt a\u0161tuoniasde\u0161imt) metr\u0173 ilgio. Teraso sl\u0117gis ar nuolydis taip pat kontroliuojamas atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f aplink\u0105 ir numatom\u0105 auginti pas\u0117l\u012f.<\/p>\n

Kas tai yra terasin\u0117 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s sistema?<\/h2>\n

Praktikoje da\u017eniausiai taikomos trij\u0173 tip\u0173 terasin\u0117s \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s sistemos, kuri\u0173 pagrind\u0105 sudaro \u0161lait\u0173 trikdymo tipas ir lygis, taikomas terasoms \u012frengti. Tai suoleli\u0173 terasavimas, kont\u016brinis terasavimas ir lygiagretus terasavimas.<\/p>\n

1. Pakop\u0173 terasavimas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tai yra labiausiai paplit\u0119s teras\u0173 tipas daugumoje pasaulio dali\u0173, ir b\u016btent juos turime omenyje sakydami \u201eterasin\u0117 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117\u201c apskritai. Sutvirtinant \u0161laitus, kalvos supjaustomos reguliariai i\u0161d\u0117stytomis pla\u010diomis plok\u0161\u010diomis teritorijomis, kurios neleid\u017eia vandeniui laisvai sr\u016bti \u017eemyn ir nune\u0161ti vir\u0161utin\u012f dirvo\u017eemio sluoksn\u012f.<\/p>\n

Norint \u012frengti terasas ant kalvos \u0161laito, pradedama nuo vir\u0161aus, taikant vadinam\u0105j\u012f \u2018kasimo ir u\u017epildymo\u2019 metod\u0105, kad b\u016bt\u0173 sukurtos norimo plo\u010dio lygios aik\u0161tel\u0117s, besit\u0119sian\u010dios \u017eemyn \u0161laitu.<\/p>\n

Papildomais elementais, tokiais kaip akmenys, ribiniai augalai ir bioin\u017einerijos metodai, galima pad\u0117ti stabilizuoti naujai pastatytus terasinius \u0161laitus, kurie laikui b\u0117gant sutvirt\u0117ja. D\u0117l to reikia atlikti daug \u017eem\u0117s darb\u0173, kurie daugiausia atliekami rankiniu b\u016bdu d\u0117l sunkios vietov\u0117s, tod\u0117l tai reikalauja daug laiko ir darbo.<\/p>\n

Jie labai veiksmingi sulaikant tekan\u010di\u0105 vanden\u012f, o dar labiau, kai \u0161onuose \u012frengiami pylimai, sutramdomi vandeniui, o tai labai svarbu ry\u017ei\u0173 auginimui. Ta\u010diau jie negali b\u016bti naudojami auginant tokias r\u016b\u0161is kaip bulv\u0117s, kurios blogai auga permirkusiose s\u0105lygose.<\/p>\n

2. Kont\u016brin\u0117 terasavimo sistema<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kont\u016brini\u0173 teras\u0173 sistema sujungia kont\u016brinio \u016bkininkavimo ir terasinio \u016bkininkavimo privalumus. Tai terasavimo forma, kuriai reikia \u017eymiai ma\u017eiau \u017eem\u0117s darb\u0173 ir aplinkotvarkos nei suol\u0173 terasavimo sistemai, nes terasos arba auginamosios plok\u0161tumos seka nat\u016bral\u0173 kalvos kont\u016br\u0105.<\/p>\n

Jie statomi kiekvien\u0105 terasos lyg\u012f kuriant toje pa\u010dioje auk\u0161\u010dio \u017eymoje, atitinkan\u010dioje reljef\u0105, tod\u0117l jie n\u0117ra vienodai nutol\u0119 vienas nuo kito. D\u0117l to jie turi vienod\u0105 lygio nuolyd\u012f, kuris gali ilgiau i\u0161laikyti vanden\u012f.<\/p>\n

Pana.<\/p>\n

3. Lygiagret\u016bs laiptuoti \u0161laitai<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kalbant apie bet ko lygiagretinim\u0105, akivaizdu, kad tai reikalauja daug daugiau darbo nei tiesiog prisitaikymas prie to, k\u0105 turime. Tas pats pasakytina ir apie teras\u0173 \u012frengim\u0105 \u0161laituose. Kad terasos b\u016bt\u0173 lygiagre\u010dios viena kitai, mums reik\u0117s atlikti didesnius kra\u0161tovaizd\u017eio pakeitimus, i\u0161kasdami did\u017eiulius kiekius med\u017eiagos i\u0161 vir\u0161aus ir supildami j\u0105 apa\u010dioje.<\/p>\n

Tai n\u0117ra \u012fmanoma atokiose vietov\u0117se, ta\u010diau atsiradus ir tapus lengvai prieinama galinga \u017eem\u0117s kasimo technika, lygiagre\u010di\u0173 teras\u0173 \u012frengimas \u0161velniai nuo\u017eulniame reljefe turi daug privalum\u0173.<\/p>\n

Svarbiausias lygiagre\u010di\u0173 teras\u0173 privalumas, palyginti su kitomis, yra tas, kad teras\u0173 auginim\u0105 daug lengviau atlikti, pavyzd\u017eiui, dirvos, s\u0117jos, rav\u0117jimo ir kt. \u016bkio darbus lygiagre\u010diose teritorijose, daugiausia d\u0117l ta\u0161kini\u0173 eili\u0173 pa\u0161alinimo.<\/p>\n

Smailieji kra\u0161tai yra smailos ir siauros teras\u0173 dalys, da\u017enai randamos laiptuotose ir kont\u016brini\u0173 terasose. Be to, jos palengvina vandens nutek\u0117jimo ir drena\u017eo \u012frengim\u0105.<\/p>\n

Terrasoj\u0173 auginimo pavyzd\u017eiai<\/h2>\n

Kalvos, i\u0161rai\u017eytos teras\u0173 formomis, ve\u0161lios pas\u0117li\u0173, toki\u0173 kaip ry\u017eiai, kvie\u010diai, kukur\u016bzai, ank\u0161tiniai augalai ar vaisiai, auginimui, sukuria gra\u017e\u0173 kra\u0161tovaizd\u012f ir sutinkamos visame pasaulyje ten, kur kalnuotuose regionuose vyksta ekonomin\u0117 veikla.<\/p>\n

Ta\u010diau kai kurios terasini\u0173 lauk\u0173 vietov\u0117s yra populiaresn\u0117s nei kitos d\u0117l j\u0173 turtingos istorijos, kult\u016brin\u0117s vert\u0117s ir ekonomin\u0117s reik\u0161m\u0117s. Keletas \u017einom\u0173 terasin\u0117s \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s pavyzd\u017ei\u0173 yra \u0161ie:<\/p>\n

1. Banaue ry\u017ei\u0173 terasos<\/strong><\/p>\n

Filipinuose, Kordiljeroso kaln\u0173 pakra\u0161\u010diuose esan\u010diuose kaimuose ry\u017eiai auginami terasose daugiau nei du t\u016bkstan\u010dius met\u0173, o dabar \u0161i vietov\u0117 \u012ftraukta \u012f UNESCO pasaulio paveldo s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105.<\/p>\n

\"Banaue<\/p>\n

Terasos ne tik ekonomi\u0161kai naudingos vietiniams Ifugao gyventojams, bet ir \u012fsi\u0161aknijusios regiono kult\u016broje bei tradicijose. Visame plote, u\u017eiman\u010diame daugiau nei de\u0161imt t\u016bkstan\u010di\u0173 kvadratini\u0173 kilometr\u0173, buvo \u012frengta sud\u0117tinga dr\u0117kinimo sistema.<\/p>\n

2. Ma\u010du Pik\u010du<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vienas i\u0161 septyni\u0173 pasaulio stebukl\u0173, And\u0173 kalnuose Piet\u0173 Amerikoje esantis Ma\u010du Pik\u010du, yra visi\u0161kai pastatytas i\u0161 teras\u0173. Be to, kad tai buvo vieta, kur gal\u0117jo klest\u0117ti tokia pa\u017eangi civilizacija su daugybe \u0161ventykl\u0173 ir nam\u0173, jos taip pat leido \u016bkininkauti labai kalnuotame kra\u0161tovaizdyje, tod\u0117l viskas tapo \u012fmanoma.<\/p>\n

\"Ma\u010du<\/p>\n

Mokslininkus, agronomus ir geologus vis dar stebina teras\u0173 dr\u0117kinimo kanalai, kurie visi\u0161kai i\u0161naudojo lietaus vanden\u012f ten, kur kitos dr\u0117kinimo technologijos buvo ne\u012fmanomos.<\/p>\n

Skirtingai nei kitos \u012fprastos terasos, Ma\u010du Pik\u010du terasos pla\u010diai naudoja akmenis ir sienas lygiams paremti. Iki \u0161iol Ma\u010du Pik\u010du terasos i\u0161lieka vienomis gra\u017eiausi\u0173 kada nors pastatyt\u0173 teras\u0173.<\/p>\n

3. Sa Pa terasos<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vietnamo Sapa terasos yra tokios pat svarbios d\u0117l savo geb\u0117jimo gaminti didelius kiekius toki\u0173 derli\u0173 kaip ry\u017eiai, kukur\u016bzai ir dar\u017eov\u0117s, kaip ir regiono turizmo pramonei.<\/p>\n

\"Sa<\/p>\n

Daugelio \u017eavisi didingi \u0161io kra\u0161to ry\u017ei\u0173 laukai, kuri\u0173 terasin\u0117se kult\u016brose met\u0173 laikais kei\u010diasi spalv\u0173 mozaika.<\/p>\n

4. Salinas de Maras<\/strong><\/p>\n

Peru esantys Salinas de Maras yra labai unikal\u016bs palyginti su kitomis terasomis, nes jie gamina drusk\u0105, o ne pas\u0117lius. \u0160ios dirbtin\u0117s terasos, pastatytos ant nat\u016brali\u0173 druskos lauk\u0173, gyvuoja \u0161imtus met\u0173.<\/p>\n

\"Peru<\/p>\n

Terasyngumo privalumai<\/h2>\n

Istorin\u00ad\u0117s vietov\u00ad\u0117s ir \u0161io \u016bkininkavimo metodo pritaikymas beveik visose kalnuotose pasaulio dalyse yra daugelio teras\u00adinio \u016bkininkavimo sistemos privalum\u0173 \u012frodymas.<\/p>\n

Pagrindinis teras\u0173 \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkyje privalumas yra tai, kad jos leid\u017eia auginti pas\u0117lius \u0161laituotose \u017eem\u0117se, sukuriant stabilias plok\u0161tumas, kuriose gali i\u0161silaikyti augalams augti reikalingos med\u017eiagos. Kadangi reikalingos med\u017eiagos yra vanduo ir dirvo\u017eemis, jos padeda i\u0161vengti \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio problem\u0173, toki\u0173 kaip vandens sukeliama dirvo\u017eemio ir maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 erozija.<\/p>\n

Be to, be teras\u0173 daugelis gle\u017en\u0173 kaln\u0173 kra\u0161tovaizd\u017ei\u0173 net neegzistuot\u0173 d\u0117l toki\u0173 nelaimi\u0173 kaip nuo\u0161liau\u017eos ir purvo nuo\u0161liau\u017eos. Taigi, jos yra veiksminga dirvo\u017eemio ir \u017eem\u0117s i\u0161saugojimo kalnuotose ir kalvotuose vietov\u0117se priemon\u0117.<\/p>\n

Didinant produktyv\u0173 kra\u0161tovaizd\u017eio plot\u0105, u\u017etikrinama didesn\u0117 maisto gamyba ir apsir\u016bpinimas maistu. I\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173 daugelyje Azijos region\u0173 maistas gaminamas tik i\u0161 terasin\u0117s \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s.<\/p>\n

Terasin\u0117s \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s nauda pastebima ne tik maisto gamybos srityse, bet ir kult\u016briniuose bei ekologiniuose aspektuose. Terasin\u0117 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117 didina biologin\u0119 \u012fvairov\u0119 ir mi\u0161k\u0173 atsodinimo galimybes, pvz., taikant agrarin\u0119 mi\u0161kininkyst\u0119.<\/p>\n

Nenuostoliai, jie turi didel\u0119 kult\u016brin\u0119 reik\u0161m\u0119, tiek, kad terasini\u0173 lauk\u0173 sistemos, tokios kaip Banau\u0117s terasiniai laukai, yra pripa\u017eintos kult\u016briniais kra\u0161tovaizd\u017eiais d\u0117l glaud\u017ei\u0173 ry\u0161i\u0173 su regiono kult\u016bra ir tradicijomis. Tai u\u017etikrina socialin\u012f bendradarbiavim\u0105 ir regiono kult\u016brin\u0117s tapatyb\u0117s i\u0161saugojim\u0105.<\/p>\n

Kaip terasin\u0117 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117 padeda tausoti dirvo\u017eem\u012f?<\/h2>\n

Dirvo\u017eemio i\u0161saugojimas daugiausia rei\u0161kia dirvo\u017eemio laikym\u0105 vietoje, nepa\u017eeid\u017eiant jo fizini\u0173 ir chemini\u0173 savybi\u0173. Vanduo yra pagrindin\u0117 dirvo\u017eemio erozijos priemon\u0117, daugiausia d\u0117l pavir\u0161inio nuot\u0117kio, o pavir\u0161inio nuot\u0117kio poveikis padvigub\u0117ja, kai \u017eem\u0117 yra \u0161laitin\u0117. Tod\u0117l dirvo\u017eemio erozija yra didel\u0117 problema kalvotose vietov\u0117se, kur pavir\u0161inis nuot\u0117kio vanduo pasiekia didel\u012f greit\u012f.<\/p>\n

Statydami terasas tuose kalvose sulaikome b\u0117gant\u012f vanden\u012f ir drasti\u0161kai sul\u0117tiname jo greit\u012f. Ties\u0105 sakant, kiekvienas terasos lygmuo sulaiko jam reikaling\u0105 vanden\u012f, o lik\u0119s vanduo teka \u012f \u017eemesn\u012f lygmen\u012f arba d\u0117l nuolyd\u017eio, arba per drena\u017eo angas.<\/p>\n

Srityse, kuriose gausiai lyja ir yra stat\u016bs \u0161laitai, labai padid\u0117ja nuo\u0161liau\u017e\u0173 ir purvo nuo\u0161liau\u017e\u0173 rizika, d\u0117l kurios visa vietov\u0117 gali tapti netinkama bet kokiai veiklai ilgam laikui. Net ir tokiose vietov\u0117se jie padeda i\u0161vengti toki\u0173 nelaimi\u0173, derinant med\u017ei\u0173 r\u016b\u0161is su maistiniais pas\u0117liais.<\/p>\n

Kaip jau min\u0117ta anks\u010diau, dirvo\u017eemio apsauga apima ne tik jo fizin\u012f vientisum\u0105, bet ir cheminiam savybi\u0173 apsaug\u0105. Tai vienas tvariausi\u0173 \u016bkininkavimo b\u016bd\u0173, naudojantis minimal\u0173 kiek\u012f dirbtini\u0173 tr\u0105\u0161\u0173 ir daugiausia pasitikintis organin\u0117mis tr\u0105\u0161omis.<\/p>\n

Taigi dirvo\u017eemio kokyb\u0117 ir derlingumas dar labiau did\u0117ja. Tai padeda i\u0161saugoti dirvo\u017eemio danga ir derlingum\u0105, nes vandens srautas nenuplauna vir\u0161utinio dirvo\u017eemio sluoksnio ir maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173.<\/p>\n

Terakininkyst\u0117s tr\u016bkumai<\/h2>\n

Ry\u0161kiausias terasavimo tr\u016bkumas yra tai, kad tai labai imlus darbui ir ilgas procesas, nes daugeliu atvej\u0173 n\u0117ra galimyb\u0117s naudoti sunki\u0105j\u0105 technik\u0105 ir ma\u0161inas. Kitas rimtas teras\u0173 tr\u016bkumas yra tai, kad netinkamai pastatytos jos gali kaupti perteklin\u012f vanden\u012f, d\u0117l ko prisotina lietaus vandeniu.<\/p>\n

Tai gali sukelti pas\u0117li\u0173 praradim\u0105, erozij\u0105 d\u0117l potvyni\u0173 ir net teras\u0173 gri\u016bt\u012f d\u0117l purvo nuo\u0161liau\u017e\u0173 ir nuo\u0161liau\u017e\u0173. Tod\u0117l statant terasas labai svarbu jas statyti atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f krituli\u0173 kiek\u012f ir vietov\u0117s geologij\u0105.<\/p>\n

Galiausiai, teras\u0173 statyba gali sutrikdyti nat\u016bral\u0173 regiono hidrologin\u012f ir maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 cikl\u0105, netgi pabloginti dirvo\u017eemio kokyb\u0119.<\/p>\n

Apibendrinant, tinkamai suplanuotos ir suprojektuotos terasin\u0117s \u017eemdirbyst\u0117s sistemos privalumai gerokai vir\u0161ija jos galimus tr\u016bkumus. \u0160i tradicin\u0117 \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio sistema turi didel\u0119 reik\u0161m\u0119 \u012fvairiuose pasaulio regionuose, ypa\u010d atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f besikei\u010diant\u012f klimat\u0105 ir did\u0117jant\u012f maisto saugum\u0105.<\/p>\n

Jie gyvuoja \u0161imtme\u010dius, o j\u0173 taikymas tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti ple\u010diamas, nes jie turi did\u017eiul\u012f potencial\u0105 paver\u010diant beveik nederlingas \u0161laitines \u017eemes produktyvia \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio \u017eeme, kartu tausojant dirvo\u017eem\u012f.<\/p>\n

Net ir ant \u0161velni\u0173 \u0161lait\u0173 tvenkiniai, tokie kaip kont\u016brini\u0173 teras\u0173 ir lygiagre\u010di\u0173 teras\u0173, gali b\u016bti \u012frengti, siekiant papildomos naudos i\u0161 nat\u016bralaus \u017eem\u0117s reljefo. Galiausiai, kadangi labai svarbu projektuoti terasas atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f reljef\u0105 ir \u017eem\u0117s poreikius, \u012frankiai, tokie kaip topografijos analiz\u0117<\/a> yra labai naudingi ir svarb\u016bs.<\/p>\n

\n

Da\u017enai u\u017eduodami klausimai<\/h2>\n
\n

1. Kod\u0117l \u016bkininkauti kalnuotose vietov\u0117se be terasavimo yra taip sunku? Koki\u0105 problem\u0105 padeda i\u0161spr\u0119sti terasavimas?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u017dem.<\/p>\n

Tre\u010dia, nelygus reljefas apsunkina efektyv\u0173 pri\u0117jim\u0105 prie \u017eem\u0117s ir jos apdirbim\u0105. Galiausiai, be terasavimo, tampa sunkiau u\u017ekirsti keli\u0105 nuo\u0161liau\u017eoms ir kontroliuoti pas\u0117li\u0173 pasiskirstym\u0105.<\/p>\n

Tai sprend\u017eia \u0161ias problemas teikiant lygias pavir\u0161iaus plok\u0161tumas, ma\u017einant erozij\u0105, gerinant vandens sulaikym\u0105 ir didinant bendr\u0105 produktyvum\u0105 kalnuotuose regionuose.<\/p>\n

2. Kas yra terasavimas?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lauko terasavimas rei\u0161kia plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 platform\u0173 ar pakop\u0173 k\u016brim\u0105 \u0161laituose esan\u010diuose \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio laukuose. Tai apima sulaikan\u010di\u0173 sieneli\u0173 ar pylimu statyb\u0105 pagal \u017eem\u0117s kont\u016brus, siekiant sukurti plok\u0161\u010dius plotus auginimui.<\/p>\n

Jis atlieka kelias funkcijas, \u012fskaitant dirvo\u017eemio erozijos prevencij\u0105, vandens nuot\u0117kio ma\u017einim\u0105 ir vandens sulaikymo gerinim\u0105. Tai padeda optimizuoti \u017eem\u0117s naudojim\u0105, maksimaliai padidinant dirbamos \u017eem\u0117s plot\u0105 \u0161laituose, ir palengvina efektyvesnes \u016bkininkavimo praktikas kalvotose ar kalnuotose vietov\u0117se.<\/p>\n

3. Kas leido terasose auginti tokius skirtingus pas\u0117lius? Kam dar tarnavo kalno terasavimas?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jie leid\u017eia auginti \u012fvairius pas\u0117lius, suteikdami lyg\u0173 pavir\u0161i\u0173 efektyviam vandens ir maistini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 paskirstymui. Suma\u017e\u0117jusi erozija ir pager\u0117j\u0119s dirvo\u017eemio sulaikymas sukuria palankias s\u0105lygas.<\/p>\n

Optimalus saul\u0117s ap\u0161vietimas tenkina skirtingus pas\u0117li\u0173 poreikius. Jie optimizuoja erdv\u0119, leid\u017eiant s\u0117kmingai auginti \u012fvairius pas\u0117lius.<\/p>\n

Be to, jis padeda u\u017ekirsti keli\u0105 dirvo\u017eemio erozijai, suma\u017einti nuo\u0161liau\u017eas, apr\u016bpinti pri\u0117jimo takais ir pagerinti kra\u0161tovaizd\u017eio estetin\u012f gro\u017e\u012f.<\/p>\n

4. Kokia nauda buvo terasinio \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio metu neolito laikotarpiu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Neolito laikotarpiu padid\u0117jo \u017eem\u0117s \u016bkio na\u0161umas, sustabdytas dirvo\u017eemio erozija, pagerintas vandens valdymas ir u\u017etikrintas maisto saugumas.<\/p>\n

5. Ar terasin\u0117 \u017eemdirbyst\u0117 yra intensyvi, ar ekstensyvi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tai laikoma intensyviu, o ne ekstensyviu. Tai apima produktyvumo didinim\u0105 ribotoje \u017eem\u0117je kuriant i\u0161lygintus plotus auginimui. Jie leid\u017eia efektyviai i\u0161naudoti tokius i\u0161teklius kaip vanduo, maistin\u0117s med\u017eiagos ir saul\u0117s \u0161viesa, tod\u0117l did\u0117ja derlius vienam plotui.<\/p>\n

6. K\u0105 dar du dalykus su\u017einojote apie terasas?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Du papildomus dalykus, kuriuos su\u017einojau apie terasas, yra j\u0173 geb\u0117jimas ma\u017einti dirvo\u017eemio erozij\u0105 ir ind\u0117lis \u012f vandens taupym\u0105. Jos efektyviai sul\u0117tina vandens nutek\u0117jim\u0105, u\u017ekirsdamos keli\u0105 dirvo\u017eemio erozijai ir vertingo vir\u0161utinio dirvo\u017eemio praradimui. Be to, laiptuota konstrukcija padeda sulaikyti vanden\u012f, leid\u017eiant geriau dr\u0117kinti ir ma\u017einant poreik\u012f perd\u0117tai laistyti. \u0160ios savyb\u0117s daro jas esminiu \u012frankiu, skatinan\u010diu tvar\u0173 \u017eem\u0117s \u016bk\u012f bei i\u0161saugant\u012f dirvo\u017eem\u012f ir vandens i\u0161teklius.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Terasinis \u016bkininkavimas yra tradicinis ir i\u0161radingas augal\u0173 auginimo sta\u010diuose kalvotuose \u0161laituose b\u016bdas, statant nuoseklius plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 pavir\u0161i\u0173 lygius palei \u0161lait\u0105\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210157960,"featured_media":4813,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","_crdt_document":"","content-type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1380],"tags":[1663],"class_list":["post-4466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whats","tag-farming"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat 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