{"id":3149,"date":"2022-01-14T06:29:25","date_gmt":"2022-01-14T05:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/?p=3149"},"modified":"2023-08-11T17:18:06","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T15:18:06","slug":"sto-je-vertikalna-poljoprivreda-u-zatvorenom-prostoru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/hr\/blog\/what-is-indoor-agriculture-vertical-farming\/","title":{"rendered":"Vertikalni uzgoj u zatvorenom prostoru: prednosti i nedostaci"},"content":{"rendered":"

Potreba za boljim sustavom poljoprivrede raste iz dana u dan. Svjetska populacija neprestano raste i o\u010dekuje se da \u0107e se nastaviti pove\u0107avati u budu\u0107nosti; sustav poljoprivrede koji danas zadovoljava prehrambene potrebe svijeta postupno opada.<\/p>\n

To je rezultat nekoliko \u010dimbenika, a zemlji\u0161te je glavni. Predvi\u0111eni porast stanovni\u0161tva tako\u0111er zahtijeva zemlji\u0161te za stanovanje rastu\u0107eg stanovni\u0161tva. Budu\u0107i da gotovo svi \u017eele \u017eivjeti u gradu, zemlji\u0161te dostupno za poljoprivredu mo\u017eda ne\u0107e biti dovoljno za obradu.<\/p>\n

Stoga je potreban alternativni na\u010din pove\u0107anja poljoprivredne proizvodnje kako bi se zadovoljila globalna potro\u0161nja. S ograni\u010denim prostorom na zemlji\u0161tu, specifi\u010dni poljoprivredni sustavi u kojima se usjevi ne sade u tlo, ve\u0107 na vertikalni dimnjak u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju mogli bi rije\u0161iti gore navedeni problem.<\/p>\n

Ovaj sustav uzgoja poznat je kao vertikalni uzgoj u zatvorenom prostoru. U budu\u0107nosti \u0107emo raspravljati o vertikalnom uzgoju u zatvorenom prostoru kao mogu\u0107em na\u010dinu globalne potro\u0161nje.<\/p>\n

\"Vertikalni<\/p>\n

Jeste li se ikada zapitali za\u0161to su knjige u knji\u017enicama slo\u017eene u vertikalnu hrpu? To osigurava da mnogi \u010ditatelji zauzmu ograni\u010deni mogu\u0107i prostor. Zatvorena poljoprivreda koristi ovaj obrazac kako bi osigurala sadnju brojnih usjeva na malim komadima zemlje.<\/p>\n

Vertikalna poljoprivreda je metoda uzgoja u kojoj se biljke uzgajaju i sla\u017eu vertikalno u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju. Omogu\u0107uje pove\u0107ani prinos po komadu zemlje. Ovaj sustav uzgoja provodi se u zatvorenom prostoru, na krovovima, u skladi\u0161tima, supermarketima, neboderima itd. To osigurava da biljke nisu izlo\u017eene te\u0161kim vremenskim uvjetima.<\/p>\n

\u0160to je kontrolirana poljoprivreda (CEA)<\/h2>\n

Poljoprivreda kontroliranog okru\u017eenja, ovaj poljoprivredni sustav omogu\u0107uje uzgoj usjeva u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju osmi\u0161ljenom kako bi se maksimizirao rast uzgojenih proizvoda. Svaki usjev na farmi sadi se kako bi se osiguralo da prima potrebne hranjive tvari, temperaturu i vla\u017enost koji su najprikladniji za maksimalni prinos usjeva.<\/p>\n

Usjevi se uzgajaju jedan iznad drugog kako bi se pove\u0107ao prinos po hektaru. Uzgoj usjeva na ovaj na\u010din na komadu zemlje daje otprilike deset puta vi\u0161e od onoga \u0161to se mo\u017ee dobiti u tradicionalnoj poljoprivredi, gdje se biljke uzgajaju vodoravno u redovima.<\/p>\n

Postoje tri vrste kontroliranih okru\u017eenja: hidroponsko, akvaponsko i aeroponsko. U hidroponskom okru\u017eenju biljke se uzgajaju u otopini koja sadr\u017ei hranjive tvari kako bi se podr\u017eao njihov rast. Prva upotreba ove poljoprivredne tehnike bila je prije otprilike stolje\u0107a.<\/p>\n

Potreba za vertikalnim uzgojem u zatvorenom prostoru<\/h2>\n

\"Potreba<\/p>\n

1. Izgubljena plodna zemlja<\/strong><\/p>\n

Osim velike koli\u010dine zemlji\u0161ta izgubljene zbog stanovanja za stalno rastu\u0107u svjetsku populaciju, sustav poljoprivrede, kao i kontinuirana poljoprivreda koja koristi isto dostupno zemlji\u0161te, u\u010dinio ga je neplodnim, \u010dine\u0107i ga neprikladnim za poljoprivredu.<\/p>\n

Budu\u0107i da je vertikalna poljoprivreda metoda sadnje bez tla, plodnost tlo<\/a> ne utje\u010de na produktivnost sustava.<\/p>\n

Tako\u0111er, strmo i neravno tlo koje \u0107e utjecati na uzgoj biljaka u tradicionalnoj poljoprivredi ne predstavlja problem u vertikalnoj poljoprivredi jer se usjevi ne uzgajaju horizontalno na tlu, ve\u0107 u rasporedu prema gore.<\/p>\n

2. Upravljajte kori\u0161tenjem vode<\/strong><\/p>\n

Budu\u0107i da se biljke uzgajaju u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju, potreba za vodom svedena je na najmanju mogu\u0107u mjeru. Vertikalni uzgoj u zatvorenom prostoru \u010duva oko 95% vode potrebne za tradicionalne poljoprivredne sustave jer se voda reciklira u sustavu. To smanjuje koli\u010dinu vode koja se koristi na farmi i ukupne tro\u0161kove proizvodnje.<\/p>\n

3. Izbjegavajte ekstremne vremenske uvjete<\/strong><\/p>\n

Biljke uzgojene u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju za\u0161ti\u0107ene su od te\u0161kih vremenskih uvjeta poput su\u0161e, erozije, poplava itd. Biljke se uzgajaju u dizajniranom okru\u017eenju potrebnom za rast biljaka.<\/p>\n

Biljke u ovom sustavu nisu pod utjecajem vremenskih promjena poput sunca ili vode jer se uzgajaju u zatvorenom prostoru i adekvatno su pripremljene za osiguranje pove\u0107ane produktivnosti.<\/p>\n

4. Konzerviranje hrane<\/strong><\/p>\n

Usjevi se sade i prevoze do supermarketa na velike udaljenosti, bilo zra\u010dnim ili cestovnim putem. Ti se usjevi \u010duvaju u hladnjaku kako bi se sa\u010duvali. Emisije uglji\u010dnog dioksida u tom procesu utje\u010du na nutritivnu vrijednost prinosa i okus.<\/p>\n

Osigurava da su svje\u017ei poljoprivredni proizvodi dobiveni unutar nekoliko minuta nakon berbe dostupni za kupnju i konzumaciju; puni su hranjivih tvari i odli\u010dnog okusa.<\/p>\n

5. Pesticidi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Usjevi se uzgajaju vertikalno usjev<\/a> uzgoj kako bi se uklonili pesticidi na farmi. Budu\u0107i da se biljke uzgajaju u zatvorenom prostoru u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju, gdje \u0161tetnici i glodavci nisu dobrodo\u0161li, nema potrebe za upotrebom pesticida, \u010dime se smanjuje koli\u010dina pesticida, kao i sprje\u010dava one\u010di\u0161\u0107enje vode uzrokovano pesticidima tijekom erozije.<\/p>\n

Proizvedeni usjevi tako\u0111er ne sadr\u017ee pesticide i kemikalije koje utje\u010du na usjev tijekom \u017eetve. To osigurava da su ubrani usjevi sigurni za konzumaciju bez utjecaja pesticida.<\/p>\n

6. Dostupnost usjeva tijekom cijele godine<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vertikalnim poljoprivrednim sustavom usjevi su dostupni potro\u0161a\u010dima tijekom cijele godine jer se biljke uzgajaju u nastojanju da se prilagodi klimi osmi\u0161ljenoj za pove\u0107anje prinosa. Usjevi stoga nisu ograni\u010deni na odre\u0111eno godi\u0161nje doba i mogu se uzgajati tijekom cijele godine.<\/p>\n

To osigurava da su svi usjevi dostupni za konzumaciju tijekom cijele godine. \u010cekanje odre\u0111enog razdoblja za dobivanje odre\u0111ene vrste usjeva postaje nemogu\u0107e.<\/p>\n

Nedostaci vertikalnog uzgoja u zatvorenom prostoru<\/h2>\n

\"Nedostaci<\/p>\n

Brojne izvrsne prednosti vertikalne poljoprivrede ne dolaze bez svojih nedostataka, koji uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

1. Vertikalna poljoprivreda je skupa<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tro\u0161kovi uspostavljanja kontroliranog okru\u017eenja za uzgoj usjeva su pretjerani u usporedbi s tradicionalnom poljoprivredom, koja zahtijeva malo novca.<\/p>\n

Postavljanje vertikalne farme zahtijeva znatnu koli\u010dinu novca za postavljanje sustava, za razliku od konvencionalne poljoprivrede, gdje je nabava sjemena i prostora za sadnju dovoljna za po\u010detak va\u0161eg putovanja u poljoprivredi. Pokretanje vertikalne poljoprivrede zahtijevat \u0107e znatnu koli\u010dinu novca za pokretanje plana.<\/p>\n

2. Zahtijeva posebne tehnike rada<\/strong><\/p>\n

Budu\u0107i da se biljke uzgajaju u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju bez izlaganja sun\u010devoj svjetlosti i ki\u0161i, upravljanje biljkom kori\u0161tenjem umjetnog izvora svjetlosti, vode i hranjivih tvari prilago\u0111enih svakoj biljci zahtijeva usluge stru\u010dnjaka kako bi operacija bila uspje\u0161na.<\/p>\n

Tradicionalni poljoprivredni sustav koriste svi, \u010dak i iza ku\u0107e u vrtu. S malo ili nimalo znanja mo\u017eete po\u010deti saditi. U vertikalnoj poljoprivredi \u017eelite biti sigurni da ste opremljeni znanjem za uspje\u0161no vo\u0111enje farme.<\/p>\n

3. Opra\u0161ivanje postaje ote\u017eano<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vertikalni uzgoj u zatvorenom prostoru smanjuje \u0161anse za opra\u0161ivanje cvije\u0107a potrebnog za proizvodnju plodova kod biljaka. Budu\u0107i da je prirodno okru\u017eenje naru\u0161eno, opra\u0161ivanje biljaka kukcima je pogo\u0111eno jer se biljke uzgajaju u zatvorenom prostoru.<\/p>\n

Bez opra\u0161ivanja, proizvodnja plodova kod biljaka postaje nemogu\u0107a. Da bi do\u0161lo do opra\u0161ivanja, bit \u0107e potrebna umjetna podr\u0161ka sustavu.<\/p>\n

4. Prevelika ovisnost o tehnologiji<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sustavom se uvelike upravlja pomo\u0107u tehnologije koja osigurava sun\u010devu svjetlost, vlagu, vodu i hranjive tvari potrebne za rast. Ovisnost sustava o tehnologiji odgovorna je za malu koli\u010dinu rada kori\u0161tenog u sustavu.<\/p>\n

Bilo kakva prepreka ovom sustavu, poput nestanka struje ili kvara, mo\u017ee utjecati na nesmetan rad sustava. To mo\u017ee rezultirati djelomi\u010dnim ili potpunim prekidom rada sustava.<\/p>\n

\"Poljoprivreda<\/p>\n

Mo\u017ee li vertikalna poljoprivreda rije\u0161iti predlo\u017eene svjetske potrebe za poljoprivrednim proizvodima? Sadnja usjeva u slojevima jedan iznad drugog u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju osigurava uzgoj velikog broja biljaka na malim prostorima.<\/p>\n

S obzirom na gore navedene prednosti i nedostatke, kombiniranje oba poljoprivredna sustava moglo bi biti nu\u017eno za prehranu rastu\u0107e svjetske populacije.<\/p>\n

Vertikalna poljoprivreda je skupa, ali poma\u017ee u upravljanju raspolo\u017eivim zemlji\u0161tem kako bi se postigla visoka produktivnost, a tradicionalna poljoprivreda ili horizontalna poljoprivreda su pristupa\u010dne. Obje se mogu primijeniti zajedno kako bi se osigurala prehrana svjetskog stanovni\u0161tva.<\/p>\n

Neke farme, poput pivovara, ve\u0107 su po\u010dele koristiti vertikalni sustav uzgoja i u\u017eivaju u prednostima produktivnosti i svje\u017eeg vo\u0107a koje dolazi s uzgojem biljaka u kontroliranom okru\u017eenju.<\/p>\n

\n

\u010cesto postavljana pitanja<\/h2>\n
\n

1. Jesu li unutarnje vertikalne farme budu\u0107nost poljoprivrede? Koji problem rje\u0161avaju?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vertikalne farme u zatvorenom prostoru imaju potencijal igrati zna\u010dajnu ulogu u budu\u0107nosti poljoprivrede. Svojim u\u010dinkovitim kori\u0161tenjem prostora, kontroliranim okru\u017eenjem i cjelogodi\u0161njim proizvodnim mogu\u0107nostima mogu se suo\u010diti s izazovima poput ograni\u010denog obradivog zemlji\u0161ta i utjecaja klimatskih promjena.<\/p>\n

Vertikalne farme nude prednosti poput smanjene potro\u0161nje vode, manje pesticida i kra\u0107ih lanaca opskrbe. Me\u0111utim, skalabilnost, isplativost i energetske potrebe vertikalne poljoprivrede u zatvorenom prostoru i dalje zahtijevaju daljnji razvoj i optimizaciju.<\/p>\n

Iako obe\u0107avaju, kombinacija razli\u010ditih poljoprivrednih metoda vjerojatno \u0107e oblikovati budu\u0107nost odr\u017eive poljoprivrede.<\/p>\n

2. Koriste li vertikalne farme tlo?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ne, vertikalne farme obi\u010dno ne koriste tlo za uzgoj biljaka. Umjesto toga, koriste alternativne metode poput hidroponike, aeroponike ili akvaponike. Hidroponika uklju\u010duje uzgoj biljaka u vodenoj otopini bogatoj hranjivim tvarima, dok aeroponika uklju\u010duje suspendiranje korijenja biljaka u zraku i prskanje vodom bogatom hranjivim tvarima.<\/p>\n

Akvaponika kombinira hidroponu s akvakulturom, gdje biljke rastu u vodi oboga\u0107enoj ribljim otpadom. Ove tehnike bez tla omogu\u0107uju preciznu kontrolu isporuke hranjivih tvari, potro\u0161nje vode i rasta biljaka, \u0161to je \u010dini u\u010dinkovitom i \u0161tedi prostor.<\/p>\n

3. \u0160to je horizontalna poljoprivreda?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Horizontalna poljoprivreda nije \u0161iroko prepoznat pojam u podru\u010dju poljoprivrede. Me\u0111utim, ako je promatramo u kontekstu tradicionalnih poljoprivrednih praksi, op\u0107enito se odnosi na konvencionalnu metodu poljoprivrede gdje se usjevi uzgajaju na horizontalnim poljima ili parcelama.<\/p>\n

Uklju\u010duje kori\u0161tenje tla, prirodne sun\u010deve svjetlosti i tradicionalnih poljoprivrednih tehnika poput obrade tla, sadnje i \u017eetve.<\/p>\n

Horizontalna poljoprivreda je konvencionalni pristup koji se prakticira stolje\u0107ima i jo\u0161 uvijek se \u0161iroko koristi danas, iako novije metode poput vertikalne poljoprivrede dobivaju na popularnosti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Potreba za boljim sustavom poljoprivrede raste iz dana u dan. Svjetska populacija neprestano raste i o\u010dekuje se da \u0107e nastaviti rasti\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210157960,"featured_media":3158,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_eb_attr":"","content-type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1380],"tags":[1663],"class_list":["post-3149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whats","tag-farming"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is indoor vertical farming\u2753<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vertical farming is a method of agriculture where plants are cultivated and stacked vertically in a controlled environment. \ud83c\udf40\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/hr\/blog\/sto-je-vertikalna-poljoprivreda-u-zatvorenom-prostoru\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hr_HR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is indoor vertical farming\u2753\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vertical farming is a method of agriculture where plants are cultivated and stacked vertically in a controlled environment. \ud83c\udf40\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/geopard.tech\/hr\/blog\/sto-je-vertikalna-poljoprivreda-u-zatvorenom-prostoru\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GeoPard - 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